French General and Politician. Born Maximilien Sébastien Foy in Ham, Somme, France, he received his education at the La Fere Military School in Aisne, France and in 1792 he became a sub-lieutenant of artillery in the French Army. He participated in the Battle of Valmy and the Battle of Jemappes in 1792 during the French Revolutionary Wars and the following year he was made a company commander. In 1803 he was a colonel of the 5th Regiment of Horse Artillery and served under General Auguste de Marmont's II Corps during Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte's War of the Third Coalition in 1805. The following year, he commanded the French artillery that occupied the province of Friuli, Italy. In 1807 he was assigned to Constantinople for the purpose of introducing European war tactics to the Ottoman Empire. In 1808 he returned to France to prepare for the first of Napoleon's military expeditions to control the Iberian Peninsula and was severely wounded at the Battle of Vimerio, Portugal. After returning to France, he participated in the second invasion of Portugal in 1809 and was captured during the First Battle of Porto but managed to escape. During the Second Battle of Porto, he was wounded again as the French Army was defeated. In September 1810, during the third French invasion of Portugal, he saw action at the Battle of Bussaco where the French Army suffered another defeat. In July 1812 he participated in the Battle of Salamanca, Spain, followed in June 1813 with the Battle of Vitora, Spain, and in February 1814 with the Battle of Orthez, France (during which he was left on the battlefield for dead), all of which resulted in a French defeat. In 1815, when Napoleon returned from exile during the Hundred Days, he joined him at the Battle of Quatre Bras, Belgium, and finally at the Battle of Waterloo, Belgium, where Napoleon was finally defeated for the last time and returned to exile. During his military career, he was wounded 15 times. In 1819 he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies and served in that position until his death in Paris, France at the age of 50. Prior to his death, he was awarded the Commander of the Legion d'honneur and compiled a history of the Peninsular War.