Moses Akers, Jr. enlisted in the 54th Infantry Regiment, Company F on September 9, 1861 in Newbern, Pulaski County. Captain William J. Jordan's Company enlisted on September 9, 1861, from Pulaski County men, for one year. Jordan and 82 other men cast their fate with the Confederacy at Newbern at the regiment's formation. A total of 217 men eventually served in this company, making it the largest in the regiment. Moses may have served in the following engagements: December 25, 1861—Floyd County, KY; August 31, 1862—Rocky Gap, VA; January 30, 1863—Kelley’s Store, VA; November 11, 1863—Ringgold, GA; and of course, the two engagements where he was wounded. The 54th fought for the last time in Bentonville, North Carolina on March 17-19, 1865.

Moses was wounded on February 25, 1864 at Rocky Face Ridge, Georgia and again July 4, 1864 in Atlanta, Georgia. Moses applied for a Confederate pension in Bland County at the age of 49; explaining that he had received a wound from a musket ball “…shot into the main bone of my left leg below the knee…the bullet entered my left leg and embedded itself in the bone. The bone had to be split and the bullet extracted”. He also states that his disability is so great “…so far as manual labor is concerned, is equivalent to the loss of a limb”. He stated that he was unable “to obtain a livelihood by manual labor”. He was entitled to fifteen dollars annually. In 1907, Moses was re-rated and placed on the pension rolls as totally disabled “due to the infirmities of age being now in my 69th year”. He was then entitled to thirty dollars annually. Both documents were signed by Moses Akers.

Moses served in the 54th Company F with his brothers, Amos and Dandridge.