Married Barbara Bachler on 15 November 1731 in Freckenfeld, Germany.
Barbara died 19 Oct 1769 in Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.
Ludwig moved his family to Granville County NC after Barbara's death.
He was visiting his daughter, Anna Margaretha "Margaret" Redwine Peeler and her family in Rowan County NC when he died and he was buried there. His estate was probated in Granville County NC because he made his home there and owned property there.
Miscellaneous Notes:
∼Tex Harrison is the same as Tex Dix or Dick.
Crystal Burnham has left a token saying this person is Frederick Ludwig. I do not agree. Her data comes from Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book.
He is not Frederick he is Johann Ludwig. She also says Frederick has a son name Joshua among other things that can be traced back to a book by Mrs. Lucy Reagan Redwine. If she has some other source I would like to know what it is and where that person got it etc. Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book lists no sources for any of her data. My data is source recorded thanks to the many cousins that have helped with their money, information, time and effort.
Joshua Redwine was born about 1784 son of Frederick Augustus Redwine who is the son of Johann Michael Redwine my maternal line and who I call Mike Sr. I have a picture of Mike Sr.'s Bible and he names his children with birth dates. This is the NA line (NA=Native American =Indian.) as researched by Don Yates "Panther" who shows Joshua mother as A full blooded NA. I haven't been able to talk with Don to find out his source for this data.
I know of no source record for Joshua as a son of this Johann Lewis Redwine or other children other than those listed in his will located in Granville, NC and confirmed by records in Germany. An older John that we don't know where he went. That John is not the same John as is in Lewis Sr. will.
Not trying to hate on Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book. Nothing but respect for her and her work. I think the lady did a great job in trying to pass on the family history. At the time and with her tools she did a lot better job of it than I would have done.
I have assumed Johann was used in front of another given name, while Johannes was used if the given name by which the individual is known Really is John.
==========================================
----- Original Message -----
From: Skip Shepherd
To: tex
Cc: skip shepherd
Sent: Thursday, March 29, 2012 1:25 PM
Subject: Birthdates for Ludwick and Barbara Peeler
Tex: Was wondering if you have come across any additional information about these unverified dates, for LR and BP ?
Skip
----- Original Message -----
From: Tex Dix
To: Skip Shepherd
Sent: Thursday, March 29, 2012 2:15 PM
Subject: Re: Birthdates for Ludwick and Barbara Peeler
Sorry I didn't reply back on that Skip.
I did check all my source stuff and looked in the Redwine book by Mrs. Martha Redwine Nelson. I can't find any source for their birth dates.
I am guessing that I and others have transferred those dates from the book my Mrs. Lucy Reagan Redwine from her book. I can't find my copies of her book to check that she does in fact gives these dates for her version of events. It seem those dates will work but we should make it clear there is no know source record that we can find for those dates.
Skip, what do you suggest we put into the birth dates for LR (Lewis Redwine) Sr. and BP? (Barbara Peeler)
Tex -
[email protected]
305 Avalee Rd.
Brooks, GA 30205
==========================================
1750 - PA, Philadelphia Co., Philadelphia 29 Sept., The ship 'Osgood' arrived in Philadelphia from Rotterdam, last from Cowes; William Wilkie, Captain, listed 480 [ or 180 "not sure"] passengers. Ludwig Readwile and Joh. Michael Rietweill were among those passengers.
Ludwig RIETHWEIL and his family most likely were taken to the court house where he then made his mark on the Oath of Allegiance and qualified, as well as his son Michael who was able to sign his name. Since Michael was over the age of 16, he had to qualify. The other children were under the age of 16, so were not required to qualify. Michael signed his name Rietweill to the document. Ludwig did not sign the document, but made his mark "LRW" and the spelling of the surname as "Readwile" is most likely a phonetic one by the court clerk.
1760 - 15 Aug 1760 Lodwick REDWINE of Granville County, NC, for fifty pounds proclamation money, purchased from William Meadows of Orange County, 233 acres located eastward of Michael Peeler's and on the branches of Shillons (now Shelton's) Creek. The land adjoined Slaughter and Matheas. Lodwick owned this land when he died as it is included in the inventory of his estate. Source: Granville Co NC Deed Book H, p 364 (per Martha Redwine). On Jan 1777 Jacob & John Redwine ( Rietweil ) sold to Miles Wells, all being of Granville Co., the 233 acre tract which they had inherited jointly from their father.
Granville Deed Bk. L, page 103, 30 December 1776. Susan Wills: Mentioned in deed record when Miles sells some property and her name is recorded in the transaction.
http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&hl=en&geocode=&saddr=Shelton+Cree k+Rd,+Oxford,+NC+27565&daddr=35.496456,-80.090332+to:&mrcr=0,1&mr sp=1&sz=19&mra=dpe&ie=UTF8≪=36.331169,-78.730602&spn=0.069699,0 .1157&t=h&z=13&om=1
===========
Slaughter, Jacob. Granville Co. Title: Slaughter, Jacob. Granville Co. Provenance: Class: State Records [Collection]
Group: Secretary of State Record Group Series: Granville Proprietary Land Office: Granville Grants of Deed Box: Granville Co.
Years: 1757 Creator: Secretary of State, Office of Granville Proprietary Land Office Secretary, Office of the Call Number: SSLG 56H Location: MFR MARS Id: 12.13.56.28 (Folder) Genres / Forms: Deeds, Plats, Indexes Scope / Contents: November 9, 1757 640 acres Location: Both sides of Shelton Creek 1 copy Deed #43
Index Terms: Geographic Names: Granville County Shelton Creek
Personal Names: Slaughter, Jacob Howser, Abraham Note: Land was surveyed for Abraham Howser. See also 12.12.38.31.
===========
1764 - Lodowick Redwine appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list. This is the first tax list he has been located in. He paid one poll. The list was made by Col. Harris.
1766 - Lodwick Redwine was listed on the tax list of Granville Co NC. The list was made by John Thomas and the number of polls paid has been blurred and not readable.
1767 - Lodwick Redwine was on the tax list of Granville Co NC when he paid one poll.
1767 - NC Granville Co. deed book H (1765-1826) page, 364 Lodwick Redwine of Granville Co. records land deed August 15, 1767 from William Medows of Orange Co. NC.
1768 - Lodwick Redwine was on the tax list of Granville Co NC as shown in tithables taken by Robert Harris. He paid two polls which included son Jacob Redwine shown. The law at the time in NC set the white male poll at ages 16 and upward. Jacob would have reached age 16 in October 1767.
1769 - Lodwick Reetwile appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list and paid two polls. Michael Redwine appeared same list. 1769 - NC, Granville Co., tax list Lodowick Redwine 2 whites.
1770 - Lodwick Redwine was on the Granville Co NC tax list, paying two polls.
1771 - Ludwick Redwine appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list and paid three polls. This would indicate the youngest son John had reached the age of 16 years.
1772 - 22 Feb On page, 329 Granville County Unregistered Wills Lewis RIETHWEIL (signed in German Ludwig) wrote his will in Granville County naming sons Lewis, Michael, Jacob, John, and daughter Margaret Peeler, wife of Michael Peeler. The youngest son, John, was underage at that time. His wish was that son John was to serve his brother Jacob but for one year, then to be declared free. as of 1785 The original will, is in the care of the Granville County clerk of the Superior Court. The Will was filed in 1772.
The Will of Ludwig Riethweil ( Lewis Redwine Sr. ) In the name of God amen; I, Lewis Riethweil of Granville Co. in the Province of North Carlonia, being weak in body but sound in mind and memory ( thanks be to God) do make and ordain this my last will and testament in manner and form following VIZ: Imprimis, I lend to my loving wife, Barbara Riethweil during the term of her natural life or widowhood the use of all my stock and household furniture on the plantation wereon I now live.
Item: I give to my son Lewis Riethweil one Shilling Sterling.
Item: I give to my son Michael Riethweil one Shilling Sterling.
Item: I give to my two sons Jacob and John Riethweil to them and their heirs and assigns forever my tract of two hundred and fifty acres of land wereon I now live and if at any time after my decease the said tract of land should be sold the purchase money thereof to be equally divided between my two sons Jacob and John Rietheweil. Item: As my above youngest son John Riethweil is at the present time underage my will and desire is that in the case of my speddy death the said my son John Riethweil is to serve his brother Jacob Reithweil but one year and then be declared free.
Item: My will and desire is that after the decease of my above loving wife Barbara Riethwiel all my stock and household furniture be equally divided between my several children to wit: my son Michael Riethweil, Jacob and John Riethwiel, and my daughter Margaret Peeler.
Lastly, I do appoint my son in law Michael Peeler and Anthony Peeler to be Executors of this my last will and Testament revoking and disannulling and making void all other wills heretofore by me made and in order that this be my last will and testament I have hereunto set my hand and seal this Twenty Second day of February 1772.
Signed Sealed and delivered and ordered to be his last will and Testament in the presence of us. Signed..( his signature ).. Ludwig Riethwiel Michael Peeler Jacob Hoffman (?) Jurat Anthony Peeler Jurat Proved August Court 1772 NOTE: Clerk used the spelling of "Lewis Riethwield" an apparently the person signing was "Ludwig Riethweil.
1772 - NC, Aug The inventory of Lodwick Redwine was recorded into Granville County Court in August 1772 which means he died between 22 Feb 1772 and Aug 1772. The inventory included the 233 acres of land he purchased in 1760. In this document, his name was shown with three different spellings, Lodwick Redwine; Lewis Riethweil; & Lodowick Redwine.
1777 - NC, Granville Co., On Jan 1777 Jacob & John Redwine ( Rietweil ) sold to Miles Wells, all being of Granville Co., the 233 acre tract which they had inherited jointly from their father. 1790 NC census Granville Co. lists a Miles Wells in Tar River Dist. Granville Deed Bk. L, page 103, 30 December 1776. Susan Wells Wills: Mentioned in deed record when Miles sells some property and her name is recorded in the transaction. Charles . Miles Wells (John, #16);15,16 born circa 1740 at Bertie County, NC; married Frusanna Lea (see #9) 1767; died circa 1826 at Person Co, NC. Before he married Frusanna, Miles was married to Susan Hardy [1741 - 1766] and had five sons. Miles and Susan Wells sold a tract of land in Granville County, NC, to a William Howell on December 13, 1776. The 1790, 1800, 1810 and 1820 censuses show Miles Wells still in Granville Co, owning 414 acres. Mildred Austin Finch's papers show many land transfers he made. His home when Elisha was born was in Caswell County, 7 or 8 miles from Oxford, NC, near the Virginia border. Miles Wells died in Person County.
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Freckenfeld belongs in the Federal German state of Rheinland-Pfalz. Freckenfeld belongs to Kreis Germersheim, RegBez Rheinhessen-Pfalz, Land Rheinland-Pfalz The AGS is 07334005. The ZIP code is 76872
Following are some variations found while searching the name Redwine: Raedwine, Radewynde, Radewint, Radwin, Ritwell, Redewinus, Readwile, Rietweill, Redewinus, Redewyne, Redwin, Redwine, Redwile, Reedwine, Reetwhile, Reichwein, Reitweild, Reitweil, Rietwell, Ritwell, Riethweil. Source : "Ancestors and Descendants of John and Sarah and other Redwines," by Martha Redwine Nelson.
As the Palatine population grew in England, the Crown ordered a census made of these people. This inventory is preserved in the British Museum Library, London, England. It is from this inventory taken at Walworth, 27th of May, 1709, that we find Redwines. Lists of Germans from the Palatinate Who Came to England in 1709 are: Frederick Ritweil, age 32, wife, son age 2, Lutheran; and Jacob Ritweil, age 22, single, Lutheran. On Jan. 1710, a ship of Palatines sailed to America, arriving in Va. 13 weeks later. The Palatines were shipped across the Albermarle Sound to the Neuse River and placed on the south side of a point of land along the Trent River. There were also other ships coming to the Colonies during this great migration period of 1710- 1712, however, no document was found of Jacob and/or Frederick sailing to America. Source : "Ancestors and Descendants of John and Sarah and other Redwines," by Martha Redwine Nelson.
Other passengers on the ship "Osgood" included the following: From Lauffen were Ludwig Bitzer, Rudolph Christe, Jacob Koenig, Johann Matthias Spohn, Christian Stotz, Hans Balthass Stotz, Ludwig Stotz, and Johannes Wolfer. Hans Jerg Gutekunst was from Nagold. There was also a passenger by the name of Georg Becker who might possibly have been a relative of Barbara, wife of Johann Ludwig RIETHWEIL. There was a man named Johannes Seyl, but it is not known if this name might have been Seyler. If so, there might be a relationship to Peter Seyler whose son was baptized in 1755. Johann Michael Riethweil and his wife Christina were sponsors. Source 1: "Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709 - 1786"
Passengers embarked upon small, poorly equipped, and often filthy sailing vessels. Death, sickness, starvation, and even cannibalism were often unwanted companions on long crossings. It was not uncommon for a third of the passengers, or more, to die on a long journey, and even a short crossing was considered to be successful if the death count was kept to around ten percent. The long crossing meant bad food; the water stank and grew slimy, meat spoiled, and butter turned rancid. If the captain or owner was a profiteer, the food was often rotten to begin with. In the small vessels, tossed by the relentless sea, seasickness was a common occurrence. Most of the voyage was spent in bed or heaving over the side.
A German by the name of Gottlieb Mittelberger, who arrived in Philadelphia in 1750, gave us a vivid account of his crossing, which was typical of most who made the voyage to America. His journey took six months, the people were "packed into the boats as closely as herring...." The water distributed to thirsty passengers was often "very black, thick with dirt and full of worms." Mittelberger's description of conditions on the ship refers to "smells, fumes, horrors, vomiting... boils, scurvy, cancer, mouthrot, ...caused by the age and the highly-salted state of the food, especially the meat... Add to all that, shortage of food, hunger, thirst, frost, heat, dampness, fear, misery, lamentation, and vexation...so many lice...that they had to be scraped off the bodies. All this misery reaches its climax when in addition to everything else one must suffer through two to three days and nights of storm...all the people on board pray and cry pitifully together." Under such circumstances, what little civilty there might have been collapsed completely. People grew so bitter "that one person begins to curse the other, or himself and the day of his birth, and people sometimes come close to murdering one another. Misery and malice are readily associated, so that people begin to cheat and steal from one another." It is hardly surprising that America, when the immigrants reached it, seemed a land of deliverance: "When at last after the long and difficult voyage the ships finally approach land, "Mittleberger wrote, "for the sight of which the people on board had longed so passionately, then everyone crawls from below to the deck, in order to look at the land.... And the people cry for joy, pray, and sing praises and thanks to God. The glimpse of land revives the passengers, especially those who are half-dead of illness. Their spirits, however weak they had become, leap up, triumph, and rejoice...."
As difficult as these conditions were, the circumstances of prisoners were, as might be imagined, substantially worse. They were chained below decks in crowded, noisome ranks. One observer who went on board a convict ship to visit a prisoner wrote: "All the states of horror I ever had an idea of are much short of what I saw this poor man in; chained to a board in a hole not above sixteen feet long, more than fifty with him; a collar and padlock about his neck, and chained to five of the most dreadful creatures I have ever looked on." Living conditions were little better than those obtaining on slave ships, and before the voyage was over it was not uncommon to lose a quarter of the human cargo.
----- Original Message -----
From: Imogene Bennett
To:
Sent: Friday, October 15, 1999 2:46 AM
Subject: [REDWINE] Spelling Variations of REDWINE Name in Granville Co NC
Probably most of you on the REDWINE list already have viewed the original Granville Co NC records, but it is interesting to see the different spellings in the same documents. I have some copies of original records of Granville Co NC which show the various spellings of the name.
A list of Taxables taken for 1766: Lodwick REDWINE
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1767 tax list: Lodwick REDWINE
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List of Tithables Taken by Robt Harris for 1768: Lodwick REDWINE & Son Jacob
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Granville Co NC will: "In the Name of God Amen, I Lewis RIETHWEIL of Granville County in the Province of NC ..." Signed by Ludwig -- the last name very difficult to read, but looks as if it is RIETHWEIL.
The front page of this probate record says, "Last Will and Testament of Lewis RIETHWEIL"
The inventory in Granville Co NC says, "The Estate of Lodwick REDWINE Deceast Consists to wit of . . ." This is a very lengthy list of items with the first item being "1 plantatation Containing two hundred & thirty three acres of Land." At the end, "The above is a true Inventory of the above Estate (?) Excepted" Signed by Anthony PEELOR (his mark "A") and Michael PEELAR.
The front page of the inventory packet shows on the first line, "Lewis RIETHWEIL, Inven" and the second line, "REDWINE, Lodowick decd"
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I thought perhaps this might help to answer any doubts one might have. Seeing different spellings in the original document (and sometimes even different on the same page) should erase any doubt that Ludwig appears as Ludwig/Lodwick/Lodowick/Lewis and RIETHWEIL/REDWINE in the Granville Co NC records.
I have assumed Johann was used in front of another given name, while Johannes was used if the given name by which the individual is known Really is John.
Apparently Ludwig Riedweil Sr. and Barbara Bächler had four children before they came to America: FHC film 247602 1 Johann Michael Riedweil chr. GR 22 Mar 1733 2 Johann Riedweil born GR 1 May 1737 3 Johann Ludwig Riedweil born GR 4 Dec 1740 4 Anna Margretha Riedweil born GR 18 Feb 1745 5 Jacob was born in America Oct. 1751 6 John was born in America abt 1756 The John B. 1756 is sometimes confused with the above metioned Johann B. 1737. Our best guess is that Johnannes B. 1737 either stayed in Germany or died before or during the trip to America.
In the christening record of Maria Dorothea Grimm, daughter of Jacob and Magdalena Grimm in May 1729, it lists Johann Ludwig Riedweyl as an apprentice weaver, single, and son of Friedrich Riedweyl (Doc. 6). Also in christening record of his second child Johannes, Ludwig Sr. is listed as a yarn weaver, Doc. 3 but elsewhere, as just a weaver.
-----Original Message-----
From: Dr. Georg Fischer
To: Tex Dick
Date: Wednesday, July 01, 1998 7:45 AM
Subject: Record 8-Dec-1740
Dear Tex, the first record is on 2 pages.
=======================================
[End of the first page for 1740:] December Den 8. December wurde Johann Ludwig Riedweilens, Bürger und [Mobeus??] alhier und seines Eheweibs Barbara, Söhnlein welches den 4. eiusdiem geboren, getauft und [beginning of next page] 1740 102 December [faint overwriting in this place: " 12 ?", maybe "18"] Johann Ludwig genannt, Taufzeugen waren Johann Ludwig [A???] weyl: Theolbaldt [A???], gewesen Bürger alhier [Hinterlosser??] ehel. Sohn, und Anna Apolonia, Friedrich Riedweilens Bürgers alhier ehel: Tochter, beyde noch ledigen Wandels, wir attestiren [signatures:] Ludwig ridweil Christian Melchior als Vatter Fischer Pfrr.[= pastor]
[??] Ludwig A. alß gevatter
=======================================
On Dec. 8th was J.L. Riedweil's ["ens" is possessive grammar form], citizen and ?? here and his wife's Barbara little son, which was born 4th the same month [latin] baptized and Johann Ludwig named, bapt. witnesses were J.L. [some name] [??] Theobaldt [same name] who was citizen here [name] marriage son, and Anna Apolonia, Friedrich Riedweil's citizen here marriage daughter, both still unmarried, we certify [signatures]
=======================================
I cannot translate "Ehel:" properly without my dictionary, it means that they were born by a marriaed couple. The faint cross over the record would indicate that somebody else noted later that the child died (soon?), that occurs rather often, together with a year. But I'm not sure about this, and the write put a question mark also. The name RIEDWEIL is rather clear, except that in the signature it's RIDWEIL.
My [Dr. Fisher] picture is: Friedrich = grandfather of the newborn son Johann Ludwig = father, Barbara = mother Johann Ludwig = son, born 4-Dec-1740, bapt. 8-Dec (this record) Anna Apolonia = bapt. witness, aunt of the newborn So long - Georg punctum-transfer Dr. Georg Fischer , Mobil 0172 9407118 Rotteckring 19 Tel. +49 7644 913016, Fax 913018 D-79341 Kenzingen, Germany 48d11m32s North, 7d46m46s East
1749 - In the summer of 1749, a man by the name of Landenberger of Ebingen, who made frequent trips between Germany and America, brought back favorable letters from Hans Balthass Bitzer and Matthaeus Mautte. According to a report in 1749 by Mayor Venninger of Lauffen, preserved at Ludwigsburg, the letters are said to have "made such an impression among different families, that they even now appear to be intent on leaving next Spring." This resulted in the large Lauffen emigration of 1750, including some on the ship "Osgood."
1750 - Germany, Pfalz, Bayern, Immigrant's surname: READWILE Immigrant's given name(s): Johann Ludwig Ship name: Osgood U.S. arrival date: 29 SEP 1750 Port: PA, Philadelphia Co., Philadelphia Place of origin: Res: Freckenfeld, Pfalz, Bayern, Germany late of Cowes Source: Thirty Thousand Names of Immigrants, by I. Daniel Rupp maybe Kathrin Hagen Lower Saxony 1751 - PA, Lancaster Co., Sower's Germantown Newspaper 1743-1763 16 Dec 1751, Johanes Steinman, Lancaster Co. Pa near Mr. Wrights ferry in the Susquehanna, advertised that his German servant, Johannes Ritweiler 16 years old ran away. The boy's father is Michel Ritweiler, living in the swamp.
==============================
Person, Thomas. Granville Co.
Title: Person, Thomas. Granville Co.
Provenance: Class: State Records [Collection]
Group: Secretary of State Record Group
Series: Granville Proprietary Land Office: Land Entries, Warrants, and Plats of Survey
Box: Granville County, Pe
Years: 1760 Creator: Secretary of State, Office of Granville Proprietary Land Office Secretary, Office of the Call Number: S.108.270--S.108.283 Location: MFR MARS Id: 12.12.36.29 (Folder) Genres / Forms: Land entries, Land entries, Warrants, Plats Scope / Contents: Land Entry: 1760 February 1. 700 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Tar River Warrant: 1760 February 1. 700 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Tar River Plat: 1760 July 21. 595 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Crooked Creek, Tar River,
Shelton Creek
Chain carriers: Charles Coaty, William Meadows
Surveyor: Joseph John Williams
Index Terms: Geographic Names:
Granville County
Tar River
Crooked Creek
Shelton Creek
======================================
AKA: Rietweill, Riedweil, Riethweil, Rictweil, Ludwig, Reitweil, Riedweyl, Redwile, and John
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Until Napoleonic times, the village of Freckenfeld was part of the Lordship of Guttenberg, the personal inheritance of the Counts von Leiningen. From 1379 onward, the Counts von Leiningen and the Elector Palatine ruled the Lordship jointly. During the Thirty Years War [1618 - 1648], Freckenfeld was occupied multiple times by the troops of the Catholic League (under Spinola) and those of the Bavarian Imperial army (under Tilly). These respective armies robbed, pillaged, brandished fire and murdered. Many of the residents fled. Besides this, the Black Death was then rampant. After the devastating war, some of those who had fled, returned, but French religious refugees and Swiss people came also. In 1685 the French King Louis XIV took over the sovereignty of the Lordship of Guttenberg. Freckenfeld belonged to the French subprefecture of Wissembourg, in the region of Alsace. The Count Palatine and the Duke of Zweibruecken were "only" the usufructuaries (who had the right to enjoy the profits and advantages of the estate, that is, the taxes and duties). In 1733 according to a legally binding will, the Veldenz half of the Lordship of Guttenberg, along with the village of Freckenfeld, came into the possession of Duke Christian III of Zweibruecken. Thus the burdensome joint governance came to an end, but the sovereignty of the French crown remained. At this time the Lutheran church registers began. The Catholic ones were maintained in the neighboring communities of Schaidt or Kandel.
With the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789, the Lordship of Guttenberg was abolished and incorporated into the French Republic, and then into the Napoleonic Empire. The Napoleonic administration appointed the mayor; and beginning in 1793, maintained the documents at the registry office. In 1815 the former Guttenberg villages were annexed to Austria, and in 1816 in an exchange with Tyrol, they became Bavarian. As such they were the possession of the Wittelsbachs. Together with other villages, they are now in the district of Germersheim.
"Pfalz" is German for "Palatinate". The Palatinate (or in German, die Pfalz) was governed as part of Bavaria until 1945,although separated from the rest of Bavaria. The provincial capital was Speyer. Following World War II, the Palatinate was one of the three components of the newly created state of Rhineland-Palatinate (or in German Rheinland-Pfalz), the other two components being the southern half of the Prussian Rhineland and that region of pre-war Hessen known as Rhine-Hessen. Mainz (in the former Rhine-Hessen) is the capital of the present-day state of Rhineland-Palatinate. In 1945 Freckenfeld became part of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Since 1973 Freckenfeld has belonged to the municipal association of Kandel.
Barbara died 19 Oct 1769 in Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.
Ludwig moved his family to Granville County NC after Barbara's death.
He was visiting his daughter, Anna Margaretha "Margaret" Redwine Peeler and her family in Rowan County NC when he died and he was buried there. His estate was probated in Granville County NC because he made his home there and owned property there.
Miscellaneous Notes:
∼Tex Harrison is the same as Tex Dix or Dick.
Crystal Burnham has left a token saying this person is Frederick Ludwig. I do not agree. Her data comes from Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book.
He is not Frederick he is Johann Ludwig. She also says Frederick has a son name Joshua among other things that can be traced back to a book by Mrs. Lucy Reagan Redwine. If she has some other source I would like to know what it is and where that person got it etc. Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book lists no sources for any of her data. My data is source recorded thanks to the many cousins that have helped with their money, information, time and effort.
Joshua Redwine was born about 1784 son of Frederick Augustus Redwine who is the son of Johann Michael Redwine my maternal line and who I call Mike Sr. I have a picture of Mike Sr.'s Bible and he names his children with birth dates. This is the NA line (NA=Native American =Indian.) as researched by Don Yates "Panther" who shows Joshua mother as A full blooded NA. I haven't been able to talk with Don to find out his source for this data.
I know of no source record for Joshua as a son of this Johann Lewis Redwine or other children other than those listed in his will located in Granville, NC and confirmed by records in Germany. An older John that we don't know where he went. That John is not the same John as is in Lewis Sr. will.
Not trying to hate on Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book. Nothing but respect for her and her work. I think the lady did a great job in trying to pass on the family history. At the time and with her tools she did a lot better job of it than I would have done.
I have assumed Johann was used in front of another given name, while Johannes was used if the given name by which the individual is known Really is John.
==========================================
----- Original Message -----
From: Skip Shepherd
To: tex
Cc: skip shepherd
Sent: Thursday, March 29, 2012 1:25 PM
Subject: Birthdates for Ludwick and Barbara Peeler
Tex: Was wondering if you have come across any additional information about these unverified dates, for LR and BP ?
Skip
----- Original Message -----
From: Tex Dix
To: Skip Shepherd
Sent: Thursday, March 29, 2012 2:15 PM
Subject: Re: Birthdates for Ludwick and Barbara Peeler
Sorry I didn't reply back on that Skip.
I did check all my source stuff and looked in the Redwine book by Mrs. Martha Redwine Nelson. I can't find any source for their birth dates.
I am guessing that I and others have transferred those dates from the book my Mrs. Lucy Reagan Redwine from her book. I can't find my copies of her book to check that she does in fact gives these dates for her version of events. It seem those dates will work but we should make it clear there is no know source record that we can find for those dates.
Skip, what do you suggest we put into the birth dates for LR (Lewis Redwine) Sr. and BP? (Barbara Peeler)
Tex -
[email protected]
305 Avalee Rd.
Brooks, GA 30205
==========================================
1750 - PA, Philadelphia Co., Philadelphia 29 Sept., The ship 'Osgood' arrived in Philadelphia from Rotterdam, last from Cowes; William Wilkie, Captain, listed 480 [ or 180 "not sure"] passengers. Ludwig Readwile and Joh. Michael Rietweill were among those passengers.
Ludwig RIETHWEIL and his family most likely were taken to the court house where he then made his mark on the Oath of Allegiance and qualified, as well as his son Michael who was able to sign his name. Since Michael was over the age of 16, he had to qualify. The other children were under the age of 16, so were not required to qualify. Michael signed his name Rietweill to the document. Ludwig did not sign the document, but made his mark "LRW" and the spelling of the surname as "Readwile" is most likely a phonetic one by the court clerk.
1760 - 15 Aug 1760 Lodwick REDWINE of Granville County, NC, for fifty pounds proclamation money, purchased from William Meadows of Orange County, 233 acres located eastward of Michael Peeler's and on the branches of Shillons (now Shelton's) Creek. The land adjoined Slaughter and Matheas. Lodwick owned this land when he died as it is included in the inventory of his estate. Source: Granville Co NC Deed Book H, p 364 (per Martha Redwine). On Jan 1777 Jacob & John Redwine ( Rietweil ) sold to Miles Wells, all being of Granville Co., the 233 acre tract which they had inherited jointly from their father.
Granville Deed Bk. L, page 103, 30 December 1776. Susan Wills: Mentioned in deed record when Miles sells some property and her name is recorded in the transaction.
http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&hl=en&geocode=&saddr=Shelton+Cree k+Rd,+Oxford,+NC+27565&daddr=35.496456,-80.090332+to:&mrcr=0,1&mr sp=1&sz=19&mra=dpe&ie=UTF8≪=36.331169,-78.730602&spn=0.069699,0 .1157&t=h&z=13&om=1
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Slaughter, Jacob. Granville Co. Title: Slaughter, Jacob. Granville Co. Provenance: Class: State Records [Collection]
Group: Secretary of State Record Group Series: Granville Proprietary Land Office: Granville Grants of Deed Box: Granville Co.
Years: 1757 Creator: Secretary of State, Office of Granville Proprietary Land Office Secretary, Office of the Call Number: SSLG 56H Location: MFR MARS Id: 12.13.56.28 (Folder) Genres / Forms: Deeds, Plats, Indexes Scope / Contents: November 9, 1757 640 acres Location: Both sides of Shelton Creek 1 copy Deed #43
Index Terms: Geographic Names: Granville County Shelton Creek
Personal Names: Slaughter, Jacob Howser, Abraham Note: Land was surveyed for Abraham Howser. See also 12.12.38.31.
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1764 - Lodowick Redwine appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list. This is the first tax list he has been located in. He paid one poll. The list was made by Col. Harris.
1766 - Lodwick Redwine was listed on the tax list of Granville Co NC. The list was made by John Thomas and the number of polls paid has been blurred and not readable.
1767 - Lodwick Redwine was on the tax list of Granville Co NC when he paid one poll.
1767 - NC Granville Co. deed book H (1765-1826) page, 364 Lodwick Redwine of Granville Co. records land deed August 15, 1767 from William Medows of Orange Co. NC.
1768 - Lodwick Redwine was on the tax list of Granville Co NC as shown in tithables taken by Robert Harris. He paid two polls which included son Jacob Redwine shown. The law at the time in NC set the white male poll at ages 16 and upward. Jacob would have reached age 16 in October 1767.
1769 - Lodwick Reetwile appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list and paid two polls. Michael Redwine appeared same list. 1769 - NC, Granville Co., tax list Lodowick Redwine 2 whites.
1770 - Lodwick Redwine was on the Granville Co NC tax list, paying two polls.
1771 - Ludwick Redwine appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list and paid three polls. This would indicate the youngest son John had reached the age of 16 years.
1772 - 22 Feb On page, 329 Granville County Unregistered Wills Lewis RIETHWEIL (signed in German Ludwig) wrote his will in Granville County naming sons Lewis, Michael, Jacob, John, and daughter Margaret Peeler, wife of Michael Peeler. The youngest son, John, was underage at that time. His wish was that son John was to serve his brother Jacob but for one year, then to be declared free. as of 1785 The original will, is in the care of the Granville County clerk of the Superior Court. The Will was filed in 1772.
The Will of Ludwig Riethweil ( Lewis Redwine Sr. ) In the name of God amen; I, Lewis Riethweil of Granville Co. in the Province of North Carlonia, being weak in body but sound in mind and memory ( thanks be to God) do make and ordain this my last will and testament in manner and form following VIZ: Imprimis, I lend to my loving wife, Barbara Riethweil during the term of her natural life or widowhood the use of all my stock and household furniture on the plantation wereon I now live.
Item: I give to my son Lewis Riethweil one Shilling Sterling.
Item: I give to my son Michael Riethweil one Shilling Sterling.
Item: I give to my two sons Jacob and John Riethweil to them and their heirs and assigns forever my tract of two hundred and fifty acres of land wereon I now live and if at any time after my decease the said tract of land should be sold the purchase money thereof to be equally divided between my two sons Jacob and John Rietheweil. Item: As my above youngest son John Riethweil is at the present time underage my will and desire is that in the case of my speddy death the said my son John Riethweil is to serve his brother Jacob Reithweil but one year and then be declared free.
Item: My will and desire is that after the decease of my above loving wife Barbara Riethwiel all my stock and household furniture be equally divided between my several children to wit: my son Michael Riethweil, Jacob and John Riethwiel, and my daughter Margaret Peeler.
Lastly, I do appoint my son in law Michael Peeler and Anthony Peeler to be Executors of this my last will and Testament revoking and disannulling and making void all other wills heretofore by me made and in order that this be my last will and testament I have hereunto set my hand and seal this Twenty Second day of February 1772.
Signed Sealed and delivered and ordered to be his last will and Testament in the presence of us. Signed..( his signature ).. Ludwig Riethwiel Michael Peeler Jacob Hoffman (?) Jurat Anthony Peeler Jurat Proved August Court 1772 NOTE: Clerk used the spelling of "Lewis Riethwield" an apparently the person signing was "Ludwig Riethweil.
1772 - NC, Aug The inventory of Lodwick Redwine was recorded into Granville County Court in August 1772 which means he died between 22 Feb 1772 and Aug 1772. The inventory included the 233 acres of land he purchased in 1760. In this document, his name was shown with three different spellings, Lodwick Redwine; Lewis Riethweil; & Lodowick Redwine.
1777 - NC, Granville Co., On Jan 1777 Jacob & John Redwine ( Rietweil ) sold to Miles Wells, all being of Granville Co., the 233 acre tract which they had inherited jointly from their father. 1790 NC census Granville Co. lists a Miles Wells in Tar River Dist. Granville Deed Bk. L, page 103, 30 December 1776. Susan Wells Wills: Mentioned in deed record when Miles sells some property and her name is recorded in the transaction. Charles . Miles Wells (John, #16);15,16 born circa 1740 at Bertie County, NC; married Frusanna Lea (see #9) 1767; died circa 1826 at Person Co, NC. Before he married Frusanna, Miles was married to Susan Hardy [1741 - 1766] and had five sons. Miles and Susan Wells sold a tract of land in Granville County, NC, to a William Howell on December 13, 1776. The 1790, 1800, 1810 and 1820 censuses show Miles Wells still in Granville Co, owning 414 acres. Mildred Austin Finch's papers show many land transfers he made. His home when Elisha was born was in Caswell County, 7 or 8 miles from Oxford, NC, near the Virginia border. Miles Wells died in Person County.
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Freckenfeld belongs in the Federal German state of Rheinland-Pfalz. Freckenfeld belongs to Kreis Germersheim, RegBez Rheinhessen-Pfalz, Land Rheinland-Pfalz The AGS is 07334005. The ZIP code is 76872
Following are some variations found while searching the name Redwine: Raedwine, Radewynde, Radewint, Radwin, Ritwell, Redewinus, Readwile, Rietweill, Redewinus, Redewyne, Redwin, Redwine, Redwile, Reedwine, Reetwhile, Reichwein, Reitweild, Reitweil, Rietwell, Ritwell, Riethweil. Source : "Ancestors and Descendants of John and Sarah and other Redwines," by Martha Redwine Nelson.
As the Palatine population grew in England, the Crown ordered a census made of these people. This inventory is preserved in the British Museum Library, London, England. It is from this inventory taken at Walworth, 27th of May, 1709, that we find Redwines. Lists of Germans from the Palatinate Who Came to England in 1709 are: Frederick Ritweil, age 32, wife, son age 2, Lutheran; and Jacob Ritweil, age 22, single, Lutheran. On Jan. 1710, a ship of Palatines sailed to America, arriving in Va. 13 weeks later. The Palatines were shipped across the Albermarle Sound to the Neuse River and placed on the south side of a point of land along the Trent River. There were also other ships coming to the Colonies during this great migration period of 1710- 1712, however, no document was found of Jacob and/or Frederick sailing to America. Source : "Ancestors and Descendants of John and Sarah and other Redwines," by Martha Redwine Nelson.
Other passengers on the ship "Osgood" included the following: From Lauffen were Ludwig Bitzer, Rudolph Christe, Jacob Koenig, Johann Matthias Spohn, Christian Stotz, Hans Balthass Stotz, Ludwig Stotz, and Johannes Wolfer. Hans Jerg Gutekunst was from Nagold. There was also a passenger by the name of Georg Becker who might possibly have been a relative of Barbara, wife of Johann Ludwig RIETHWEIL. There was a man named Johannes Seyl, but it is not known if this name might have been Seyler. If so, there might be a relationship to Peter Seyler whose son was baptized in 1755. Johann Michael Riethweil and his wife Christina were sponsors. Source 1: "Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709 - 1786"
Passengers embarked upon small, poorly equipped, and often filthy sailing vessels. Death, sickness, starvation, and even cannibalism were often unwanted companions on long crossings. It was not uncommon for a third of the passengers, or more, to die on a long journey, and even a short crossing was considered to be successful if the death count was kept to around ten percent. The long crossing meant bad food; the water stank and grew slimy, meat spoiled, and butter turned rancid. If the captain or owner was a profiteer, the food was often rotten to begin with. In the small vessels, tossed by the relentless sea, seasickness was a common occurrence. Most of the voyage was spent in bed or heaving over the side.
A German by the name of Gottlieb Mittelberger, who arrived in Philadelphia in 1750, gave us a vivid account of his crossing, which was typical of most who made the voyage to America. His journey took six months, the people were "packed into the boats as closely as herring...." The water distributed to thirsty passengers was often "very black, thick with dirt and full of worms." Mittelberger's description of conditions on the ship refers to "smells, fumes, horrors, vomiting... boils, scurvy, cancer, mouthrot, ...caused by the age and the highly-salted state of the food, especially the meat... Add to all that, shortage of food, hunger, thirst, frost, heat, dampness, fear, misery, lamentation, and vexation...so many lice...that they had to be scraped off the bodies. All this misery reaches its climax when in addition to everything else one must suffer through two to three days and nights of storm...all the people on board pray and cry pitifully together." Under such circumstances, what little civilty there might have been collapsed completely. People grew so bitter "that one person begins to curse the other, or himself and the day of his birth, and people sometimes come close to murdering one another. Misery and malice are readily associated, so that people begin to cheat and steal from one another." It is hardly surprising that America, when the immigrants reached it, seemed a land of deliverance: "When at last after the long and difficult voyage the ships finally approach land, "Mittleberger wrote, "for the sight of which the people on board had longed so passionately, then everyone crawls from below to the deck, in order to look at the land.... And the people cry for joy, pray, and sing praises and thanks to God. The glimpse of land revives the passengers, especially those who are half-dead of illness. Their spirits, however weak they had become, leap up, triumph, and rejoice...."
As difficult as these conditions were, the circumstances of prisoners were, as might be imagined, substantially worse. They were chained below decks in crowded, noisome ranks. One observer who went on board a convict ship to visit a prisoner wrote: "All the states of horror I ever had an idea of are much short of what I saw this poor man in; chained to a board in a hole not above sixteen feet long, more than fifty with him; a collar and padlock about his neck, and chained to five of the most dreadful creatures I have ever looked on." Living conditions were little better than those obtaining on slave ships, and before the voyage was over it was not uncommon to lose a quarter of the human cargo.
----- Original Message -----
From: Imogene Bennett
To:
Sent: Friday, October 15, 1999 2:46 AM
Subject: [REDWINE] Spelling Variations of REDWINE Name in Granville Co NC
Probably most of you on the REDWINE list already have viewed the original Granville Co NC records, but it is interesting to see the different spellings in the same documents. I have some copies of original records of Granville Co NC which show the various spellings of the name.
A list of Taxables taken for 1766: Lodwick REDWINE
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1767 tax list: Lodwick REDWINE
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List of Tithables Taken by Robt Harris for 1768: Lodwick REDWINE & Son Jacob
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Granville Co NC will: "In the Name of God Amen, I Lewis RIETHWEIL of Granville County in the Province of NC ..." Signed by Ludwig -- the last name very difficult to read, but looks as if it is RIETHWEIL.
The front page of this probate record says, "Last Will and Testament of Lewis RIETHWEIL"
The inventory in Granville Co NC says, "The Estate of Lodwick REDWINE Deceast Consists to wit of . . ." This is a very lengthy list of items with the first item being "1 plantatation Containing two hundred & thirty three acres of Land." At the end, "The above is a true Inventory of the above Estate (?) Excepted" Signed by Anthony PEELOR (his mark "A") and Michael PEELAR.
The front page of the inventory packet shows on the first line, "Lewis RIETHWEIL, Inven" and the second line, "REDWINE, Lodowick decd"
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I thought perhaps this might help to answer any doubts one might have. Seeing different spellings in the original document (and sometimes even different on the same page) should erase any doubt that Ludwig appears as Ludwig/Lodwick/Lodowick/Lewis and RIETHWEIL/REDWINE in the Granville Co NC records.
I have assumed Johann was used in front of another given name, while Johannes was used if the given name by which the individual is known Really is John.
Apparently Ludwig Riedweil Sr. and Barbara Bächler had four children before they came to America: FHC film 247602 1 Johann Michael Riedweil chr. GR 22 Mar 1733 2 Johann Riedweil born GR 1 May 1737 3 Johann Ludwig Riedweil born GR 4 Dec 1740 4 Anna Margretha Riedweil born GR 18 Feb 1745 5 Jacob was born in America Oct. 1751 6 John was born in America abt 1756 The John B. 1756 is sometimes confused with the above metioned Johann B. 1737. Our best guess is that Johnannes B. 1737 either stayed in Germany or died before or during the trip to America.
In the christening record of Maria Dorothea Grimm, daughter of Jacob and Magdalena Grimm in May 1729, it lists Johann Ludwig Riedweyl as an apprentice weaver, single, and son of Friedrich Riedweyl (Doc. 6). Also in christening record of his second child Johannes, Ludwig Sr. is listed as a yarn weaver, Doc. 3 but elsewhere, as just a weaver.
-----Original Message-----
From: Dr. Georg Fischer
To: Tex Dick
Date: Wednesday, July 01, 1998 7:45 AM
Subject: Record 8-Dec-1740
Dear Tex, the first record is on 2 pages.
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[End of the first page for 1740:] December Den 8. December wurde Johann Ludwig Riedweilens, Bürger und [Mobeus??] alhier und seines Eheweibs Barbara, Söhnlein welches den 4. eiusdiem geboren, getauft und [beginning of next page] 1740 102 December [faint overwriting in this place: " 12 ?", maybe "18"] Johann Ludwig genannt, Taufzeugen waren Johann Ludwig [A???] weyl: Theolbaldt [A???], gewesen Bürger alhier [Hinterlosser??] ehel. Sohn, und Anna Apolonia, Friedrich Riedweilens Bürgers alhier ehel: Tochter, beyde noch ledigen Wandels, wir attestiren [signatures:] Ludwig ridweil Christian Melchior als Vatter Fischer Pfrr.[= pastor]
[??] Ludwig A. alß gevatter
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On Dec. 8th was J.L. Riedweil's ["ens" is possessive grammar form], citizen and ?? here and his wife's Barbara little son, which was born 4th the same month [latin] baptized and Johann Ludwig named, bapt. witnesses were J.L. [some name] [??] Theobaldt [same name] who was citizen here [name] marriage son, and Anna Apolonia, Friedrich Riedweil's citizen here marriage daughter, both still unmarried, we certify [signatures]
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I cannot translate "Ehel:" properly without my dictionary, it means that they were born by a marriaed couple. The faint cross over the record would indicate that somebody else noted later that the child died (soon?), that occurs rather often, together with a year. But I'm not sure about this, and the write put a question mark also. The name RIEDWEIL is rather clear, except that in the signature it's RIDWEIL.
My [Dr. Fisher] picture is: Friedrich = grandfather of the newborn son Johann Ludwig = father, Barbara = mother Johann Ludwig = son, born 4-Dec-1740, bapt. 8-Dec (this record) Anna Apolonia = bapt. witness, aunt of the newborn So long - Georg punctum-transfer Dr. Georg Fischer , Mobil 0172 9407118 Rotteckring 19 Tel. +49 7644 913016, Fax 913018 D-79341 Kenzingen, Germany 48d11m32s North, 7d46m46s East
1749 - In the summer of 1749, a man by the name of Landenberger of Ebingen, who made frequent trips between Germany and America, brought back favorable letters from Hans Balthass Bitzer and Matthaeus Mautte. According to a report in 1749 by Mayor Venninger of Lauffen, preserved at Ludwigsburg, the letters are said to have "made such an impression among different families, that they even now appear to be intent on leaving next Spring." This resulted in the large Lauffen emigration of 1750, including some on the ship "Osgood."
1750 - Germany, Pfalz, Bayern, Immigrant's surname: READWILE Immigrant's given name(s): Johann Ludwig Ship name: Osgood U.S. arrival date: 29 SEP 1750 Port: PA, Philadelphia Co., Philadelphia Place of origin: Res: Freckenfeld, Pfalz, Bayern, Germany late of Cowes Source: Thirty Thousand Names of Immigrants, by I. Daniel Rupp maybe Kathrin Hagen Lower Saxony 1751 - PA, Lancaster Co., Sower's Germantown Newspaper 1743-1763 16 Dec 1751, Johanes Steinman, Lancaster Co. Pa near Mr. Wrights ferry in the Susquehanna, advertised that his German servant, Johannes Ritweiler 16 years old ran away. The boy's father is Michel Ritweiler, living in the swamp.
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Person, Thomas. Granville Co.
Title: Person, Thomas. Granville Co.
Provenance: Class: State Records [Collection]
Group: Secretary of State Record Group
Series: Granville Proprietary Land Office: Land Entries, Warrants, and Plats of Survey
Box: Granville County, Pe
Years: 1760 Creator: Secretary of State, Office of Granville Proprietary Land Office Secretary, Office of the Call Number: S.108.270--S.108.283 Location: MFR MARS Id: 12.12.36.29 (Folder) Genres / Forms: Land entries, Land entries, Warrants, Plats Scope / Contents: Land Entry: 1760 February 1. 700 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Tar River Warrant: 1760 February 1. 700 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Tar River Plat: 1760 July 21. 595 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Crooked Creek, Tar River,
Shelton Creek
Chain carriers: Charles Coaty, William Meadows
Surveyor: Joseph John Williams
Index Terms: Geographic Names:
Granville County
Tar River
Crooked Creek
Shelton Creek
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AKA: Rietweill, Riedweil, Riethweil, Rictweil, Ludwig, Reitweil, Riedweyl, Redwile, and John
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Until Napoleonic times, the village of Freckenfeld was part of the Lordship of Guttenberg, the personal inheritance of the Counts von Leiningen. From 1379 onward, the Counts von Leiningen and the Elector Palatine ruled the Lordship jointly. During the Thirty Years War [1618 - 1648], Freckenfeld was occupied multiple times by the troops of the Catholic League (under Spinola) and those of the Bavarian Imperial army (under Tilly). These respective armies robbed, pillaged, brandished fire and murdered. Many of the residents fled. Besides this, the Black Death was then rampant. After the devastating war, some of those who had fled, returned, but French religious refugees and Swiss people came also. In 1685 the French King Louis XIV took over the sovereignty of the Lordship of Guttenberg. Freckenfeld belonged to the French subprefecture of Wissembourg, in the region of Alsace. The Count Palatine and the Duke of Zweibruecken were "only" the usufructuaries (who had the right to enjoy the profits and advantages of the estate, that is, the taxes and duties). In 1733 according to a legally binding will, the Veldenz half of the Lordship of Guttenberg, along with the village of Freckenfeld, came into the possession of Duke Christian III of Zweibruecken. Thus the burdensome joint governance came to an end, but the sovereignty of the French crown remained. At this time the Lutheran church registers began. The Catholic ones were maintained in the neighboring communities of Schaidt or Kandel.
With the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789, the Lordship of Guttenberg was abolished and incorporated into the French Republic, and then into the Napoleonic Empire. The Napoleonic administration appointed the mayor; and beginning in 1793, maintained the documents at the registry office. In 1815 the former Guttenberg villages were annexed to Austria, and in 1816 in an exchange with Tyrol, they became Bavarian. As such they were the possession of the Wittelsbachs. Together with other villages, they are now in the district of Germersheim.
"Pfalz" is German for "Palatinate". The Palatinate (or in German, die Pfalz) was governed as part of Bavaria until 1945,although separated from the rest of Bavaria. The provincial capital was Speyer. Following World War II, the Palatinate was one of the three components of the newly created state of Rhineland-Palatinate (or in German Rheinland-Pfalz), the other two components being the southern half of the Prussian Rhineland and that region of pre-war Hessen known as Rhine-Hessen. Mainz (in the former Rhine-Hessen) is the capital of the present-day state of Rhineland-Palatinate. In 1945 Freckenfeld became part of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Since 1973 Freckenfeld has belonged to the municipal association of Kandel.
Married Barbara Bachler on 15 November 1731 in Freckenfeld, Germany.
Barbara died 19 Oct 1769 in Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.
Ludwig moved his family to Granville County NC after Barbara's death.
He was visiting his daughter, Anna Margaretha "Margaret" Redwine Peeler and her family in Rowan County NC when he died and he was buried there. His estate was probated in Granville County NC because he made his home there and owned property there.
Miscellaneous Notes:
∼Tex Harrison is the same as Tex Dix or Dick.
Crystal Burnham has left a token saying this person is Frederick Ludwig. I do not agree. Her data comes from Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book.
He is not Frederick he is Johann Ludwig. She also says Frederick has a son name Joshua among other things that can be traced back to a book by Mrs. Lucy Reagan Redwine. If she has some other source I would like to know what it is and where that person got it etc. Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book lists no sources for any of her data. My data is source recorded thanks to the many cousins that have helped with their money, information, time and effort.
Joshua Redwine was born about 1784 son of Frederick Augustus Redwine who is the son of Johann Michael Redwine my maternal line and who I call Mike Sr. I have a picture of Mike Sr.'s Bible and he names his children with birth dates. This is the NA line (NA=Native American =Indian.) as researched by Don Yates "Panther" who shows Joshua mother as A full blooded NA. I haven't been able to talk with Don to find out his source for this data.
I know of no source record for Joshua as a son of this Johann Lewis Redwine or other children other than those listed in his will located in Granville, NC and confirmed by records in Germany. An older John that we don't know where he went. That John is not the same John as is in Lewis Sr. will.
Not trying to hate on Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book. Nothing but respect for her and her work. I think the lady did a great job in trying to pass on the family history. At the time and with her tools she did a lot better job of it than I would have done.
I have assumed Johann was used in front of another given name, while Johannes was used if the given name by which the individual is known Really is John.
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----- Original Message -----
From: Skip Shepherd
To: tex
Cc: skip shepherd
Sent: Thursday, March 29, 2012 1:25 PM
Subject: Birthdates for Ludwick and Barbara Peeler
Tex: Was wondering if you have come across any additional information about these unverified dates, for LR and BP ?
Skip
----- Original Message -----
From: Tex Dix
To: Skip Shepherd
Sent: Thursday, March 29, 2012 2:15 PM
Subject: Re: Birthdates for Ludwick and Barbara Peeler
Sorry I didn't reply back on that Skip.
I did check all my source stuff and looked in the Redwine book by Mrs. Martha Redwine Nelson. I can't find any source for their birth dates.
I am guessing that I and others have transferred those dates from the book my Mrs. Lucy Reagan Redwine from her book. I can't find my copies of her book to check that she does in fact gives these dates for her version of events. It seem those dates will work but we should make it clear there is no know source record that we can find for those dates.
Skip, what do you suggest we put into the birth dates for LR (Lewis Redwine) Sr. and BP? (Barbara Peeler)
Tex -
[email protected]
305 Avalee Rd.
Brooks, GA 30205
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1750 - PA, Philadelphia Co., Philadelphia 29 Sept., The ship 'Osgood' arrived in Philadelphia from Rotterdam, last from Cowes; William Wilkie, Captain, listed 480 [ or 180 "not sure"] passengers. Ludwig Readwile and Joh. Michael Rietweill were among those passengers.
Ludwig RIETHWEIL and his family most likely were taken to the court house where he then made his mark on the Oath of Allegiance and qualified, as well as his son Michael who was able to sign his name. Since Michael was over the age of 16, he had to qualify. The other children were under the age of 16, so were not required to qualify. Michael signed his name Rietweill to the document. Ludwig did not sign the document, but made his mark "LRW" and the spelling of the surname as "Readwile" is most likely a phonetic one by the court clerk.
1760 - 15 Aug 1760 Lodwick REDWINE of Granville County, NC, for fifty pounds proclamation money, purchased from William Meadows of Orange County, 233 acres located eastward of Michael Peeler's and on the branches of Shillons (now Shelton's) Creek. The land adjoined Slaughter and Matheas. Lodwick owned this land when he died as it is included in the inventory of his estate. Source: Granville Co NC Deed Book H, p 364 (per Martha Redwine). On Jan 1777 Jacob & John Redwine ( Rietweil ) sold to Miles Wells, all being of Granville Co., the 233 acre tract which they had inherited jointly from their father.
Granville Deed Bk. L, page 103, 30 December 1776. Susan Wills: Mentioned in deed record when Miles sells some property and her name is recorded in the transaction.
http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&hl=en&geocode=&saddr=Shelton+Cree k+Rd,+Oxford,+NC+27565&daddr=35.496456,-80.090332+to:&mrcr=0,1&mr sp=1&sz=19&mra=dpe&ie=UTF8≪=36.331169,-78.730602&spn=0.069699,0 .1157&t=h&z=13&om=1
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Slaughter, Jacob. Granville Co. Title: Slaughter, Jacob. Granville Co. Provenance: Class: State Records [Collection]
Group: Secretary of State Record Group Series: Granville Proprietary Land Office: Granville Grants of Deed Box: Granville Co.
Years: 1757 Creator: Secretary of State, Office of Granville Proprietary Land Office Secretary, Office of the Call Number: SSLG 56H Location: MFR MARS Id: 12.13.56.28 (Folder) Genres / Forms: Deeds, Plats, Indexes Scope / Contents: November 9, 1757 640 acres Location: Both sides of Shelton Creek 1 copy Deed #43
Index Terms: Geographic Names: Granville County Shelton Creek
Personal Names: Slaughter, Jacob Howser, Abraham Note: Land was surveyed for Abraham Howser. See also 12.12.38.31.
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1764 - Lodowick Redwine appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list. This is the first tax list he has been located in. He paid one poll. The list was made by Col. Harris.
1766 - Lodwick Redwine was listed on the tax list of Granville Co NC. The list was made by John Thomas and the number of polls paid has been blurred and not readable.
1767 - Lodwick Redwine was on the tax list of Granville Co NC when he paid one poll.
1767 - NC Granville Co. deed book H (1765-1826) page, 364 Lodwick Redwine of Granville Co. records land deed August 15, 1767 from William Medows of Orange Co. NC.
1768 - Lodwick Redwine was on the tax list of Granville Co NC as shown in tithables taken by Robert Harris. He paid two polls which included son Jacob Redwine shown. The law at the time in NC set the white male poll at ages 16 and upward. Jacob would have reached age 16 in October 1767.
1769 - Lodwick Reetwile appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list and paid two polls. Michael Redwine appeared same list. 1769 - NC, Granville Co., tax list Lodowick Redwine 2 whites.
1770 - Lodwick Redwine was on the Granville Co NC tax list, paying two polls.
1771 - Ludwick Redwine appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list and paid three polls. This would indicate the youngest son John had reached the age of 16 years.
1772 - 22 Feb On page, 329 Granville County Unregistered Wills Lewis RIETHWEIL (signed in German Ludwig) wrote his will in Granville County naming sons Lewis, Michael, Jacob, John, and daughter Margaret Peeler, wife of Michael Peeler. The youngest son, John, was underage at that time. His wish was that son John was to serve his brother Jacob but for one year, then to be declared free. as of 1785 The original will, is in the care of the Granville County clerk of the Superior Court. The Will was filed in 1772.
The Will of Ludwig Riethweil ( Lewis Redwine Sr. ) In the name of God amen; I, Lewis Riethweil of Granville Co. in the Province of North Carlonia, being weak in body but sound in mind and memory ( thanks be to God) do make and ordain this my last will and testament in manner and form following VIZ: Imprimis, I lend to my loving wife, Barbara Riethweil during the term of her natural life or widowhood the use of all my stock and household furniture on the plantation wereon I now live.
Item: I give to my son Lewis Riethweil one Shilling Sterling.
Item: I give to my son Michael Riethweil one Shilling Sterling.
Item: I give to my two sons Jacob and John Riethweil to them and their heirs and assigns forever my tract of two hundred and fifty acres of land wereon I now live and if at any time after my decease the said tract of land should be sold the purchase money thereof to be equally divided between my two sons Jacob and John Rietheweil. Item: As my above youngest son John Riethweil is at the present time underage my will and desire is that in the case of my speddy death the said my son John Riethweil is to serve his brother Jacob Reithweil but one year and then be declared free.
Item: My will and desire is that after the decease of my above loving wife Barbara Riethwiel all my stock and household furniture be equally divided between my several children to wit: my son Michael Riethweil, Jacob and John Riethwiel, and my daughter Margaret Peeler.
Lastly, I do appoint my son in law Michael Peeler and Anthony Peeler to be Executors of this my last will and Testament revoking and disannulling and making void all other wills heretofore by me made and in order that this be my last will and testament I have hereunto set my hand and seal this Twenty Second day of February 1772.
Signed Sealed and delivered and ordered to be his last will and Testament in the presence of us. Signed..( his signature ).. Ludwig Riethwiel Michael Peeler Jacob Hoffman (?) Jurat Anthony Peeler Jurat Proved August Court 1772 NOTE: Clerk used the spelling of "Lewis Riethwield" an apparently the person signing was "Ludwig Riethweil.
1772 - NC, Aug The inventory of Lodwick Redwine was recorded into Granville County Court in August 1772 which means he died between 22 Feb 1772 and Aug 1772. The inventory included the 233 acres of land he purchased in 1760. In this document, his name was shown with three different spellings, Lodwick Redwine; Lewis Riethweil; & Lodowick Redwine.
1777 - NC, Granville Co., On Jan 1777 Jacob & John Redwine ( Rietweil ) sold to Miles Wells, all being of Granville Co., the 233 acre tract which they had inherited jointly from their father. 1790 NC census Granville Co. lists a Miles Wells in Tar River Dist. Granville Deed Bk. L, page 103, 30 December 1776. Susan Wells Wills: Mentioned in deed record when Miles sells some property and her name is recorded in the transaction. Charles . Miles Wells (John, #16);15,16 born circa 1740 at Bertie County, NC; married Frusanna Lea (see #9) 1767; died circa 1826 at Person Co, NC. Before he married Frusanna, Miles was married to Susan Hardy [1741 - 1766] and had five sons. Miles and Susan Wells sold a tract of land in Granville County, NC, to a William Howell on December 13, 1776. The 1790, 1800, 1810 and 1820 censuses show Miles Wells still in Granville Co, owning 414 acres. Mildred Austin Finch's papers show many land transfers he made. His home when Elisha was born was in Caswell County, 7 or 8 miles from Oxford, NC, near the Virginia border. Miles Wells died in Person County.
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Freckenfeld belongs in the Federal German state of Rheinland-Pfalz. Freckenfeld belongs to Kreis Germersheim, RegBez Rheinhessen-Pfalz, Land Rheinland-Pfalz The AGS is 07334005. The ZIP code is 76872
Following are some variations found while searching the name Redwine: Raedwine, Radewynde, Radewint, Radwin, Ritwell, Redewinus, Readwile, Rietweill, Redewinus, Redewyne, Redwin, Redwine, Redwile, Reedwine, Reetwhile, Reichwein, Reitweild, Reitweil, Rietwell, Ritwell, Riethweil. Source : "Ancestors and Descendants of John and Sarah and other Redwines," by Martha Redwine Nelson.
As the Palatine population grew in England, the Crown ordered a census made of these people. This inventory is preserved in the British Museum Library, London, England. It is from this inventory taken at Walworth, 27th of May, 1709, that we find Redwines. Lists of Germans from the Palatinate Who Came to England in 1709 are: Frederick Ritweil, age 32, wife, son age 2, Lutheran; and Jacob Ritweil, age 22, single, Lutheran. On Jan. 1710, a ship of Palatines sailed to America, arriving in Va. 13 weeks later. The Palatines were shipped across the Albermarle Sound to the Neuse River and placed on the south side of a point of land along the Trent River. There were also other ships coming to the Colonies during this great migration period of 1710- 1712, however, no document was found of Jacob and/or Frederick sailing to America. Source : "Ancestors and Descendants of John and Sarah and other Redwines," by Martha Redwine Nelson.
Other passengers on the ship "Osgood" included the following: From Lauffen were Ludwig Bitzer, Rudolph Christe, Jacob Koenig, Johann Matthias Spohn, Christian Stotz, Hans Balthass Stotz, Ludwig Stotz, and Johannes Wolfer. Hans Jerg Gutekunst was from Nagold. There was also a passenger by the name of Georg Becker who might possibly have been a relative of Barbara, wife of Johann Ludwig RIETHWEIL. There was a man named Johannes Seyl, but it is not known if this name might have been Seyler. If so, there might be a relationship to Peter Seyler whose son was baptized in 1755. Johann Michael Riethweil and his wife Christina were sponsors. Source 1: "Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709 - 1786"
Passengers embarked upon small, poorly equipped, and often filthy sailing vessels. Death, sickness, starvation, and even cannibalism were often unwanted companions on long crossings. It was not uncommon for a third of the passengers, or more, to die on a long journey, and even a short crossing was considered to be successful if the death count was kept to around ten percent. The long crossing meant bad food; the water stank and grew slimy, meat spoiled, and butter turned rancid. If the captain or owner was a profiteer, the food was often rotten to begin with. In the small vessels, tossed by the relentless sea, seasickness was a common occurrence. Most of the voyage was spent in bed or heaving over the side.
A German by the name of Gottlieb Mittelberger, who arrived in Philadelphia in 1750, gave us a vivid account of his crossing, which was typical of most who made the voyage to America. His journey took six months, the people were "packed into the boats as closely as herring...." The water distributed to thirsty passengers was often "very black, thick with dirt and full of worms." Mittelberger's description of conditions on the ship refers to "smells, fumes, horrors, vomiting... boils, scurvy, cancer, mouthrot, ...caused by the age and the highly-salted state of the food, especially the meat... Add to all that, shortage of food, hunger, thirst, frost, heat, dampness, fear, misery, lamentation, and vexation...so many lice...that they had to be scraped off the bodies. All this misery reaches its climax when in addition to everything else one must suffer through two to three days and nights of storm...all the people on board pray and cry pitifully together." Under such circumstances, what little civilty there might have been collapsed completely. People grew so bitter "that one person begins to curse the other, or himself and the day of his birth, and people sometimes come close to murdering one another. Misery and malice are readily associated, so that people begin to cheat and steal from one another." It is hardly surprising that America, when the immigrants reached it, seemed a land of deliverance: "When at last after the long and difficult voyage the ships finally approach land, "Mittleberger wrote, "for the sight of which the people on board had longed so passionately, then everyone crawls from below to the deck, in order to look at the land.... And the people cry for joy, pray, and sing praises and thanks to God. The glimpse of land revives the passengers, especially those who are half-dead of illness. Their spirits, however weak they had become, leap up, triumph, and rejoice...."
As difficult as these conditions were, the circumstances of prisoners were, as might be imagined, substantially worse. They were chained below decks in crowded, noisome ranks. One observer who went on board a convict ship to visit a prisoner wrote: "All the states of horror I ever had an idea of are much short of what I saw this poor man in; chained to a board in a hole not above sixteen feet long, more than fifty with him; a collar and padlock about his neck, and chained to five of the most dreadful creatures I have ever looked on." Living conditions were little better than those obtaining on slave ships, and before the voyage was over it was not uncommon to lose a quarter of the human cargo.
----- Original Message -----
From: Imogene Bennett
To:
Sent: Friday, October 15, 1999 2:46 AM
Subject: [REDWINE] Spelling Variations of REDWINE Name in Granville Co NC
Probably most of you on the REDWINE list already have viewed the original Granville Co NC records, but it is interesting to see the different spellings in the same documents. I have some copies of original records of Granville Co NC which show the various spellings of the name.
A list of Taxables taken for 1766: Lodwick REDWINE
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1767 tax list: Lodwick REDWINE
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List of Tithables Taken by Robt Harris for 1768: Lodwick REDWINE & Son Jacob
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Granville Co NC will: "In the Name of God Amen, I Lewis RIETHWEIL of Granville County in the Province of NC ..." Signed by Ludwig -- the last name very difficult to read, but looks as if it is RIETHWEIL.
The front page of this probate record says, "Last Will and Testament of Lewis RIETHWEIL"
The inventory in Granville Co NC says, "The Estate of Lodwick REDWINE Deceast Consists to wit of . . ." This is a very lengthy list of items with the first item being "1 plantatation Containing two hundred & thirty three acres of Land." At the end, "The above is a true Inventory of the above Estate (?) Excepted" Signed by Anthony PEELOR (his mark "A") and Michael PEELAR.
The front page of the inventory packet shows on the first line, "Lewis RIETHWEIL, Inven" and the second line, "REDWINE, Lodowick decd"
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I thought perhaps this might help to answer any doubts one might have. Seeing different spellings in the original document (and sometimes even different on the same page) should erase any doubt that Ludwig appears as Ludwig/Lodwick/Lodowick/Lewis and RIETHWEIL/REDWINE in the Granville Co NC records.
I have assumed Johann was used in front of another given name, while Johannes was used if the given name by which the individual is known Really is John.
Apparently Ludwig Riedweil Sr. and Barbara Bächler had four children before they came to America: FHC film 247602 1 Johann Michael Riedweil chr. GR 22 Mar 1733 2 Johann Riedweil born GR 1 May 1737 3 Johann Ludwig Riedweil born GR 4 Dec 1740 4 Anna Margretha Riedweil born GR 18 Feb 1745 5 Jacob was born in America Oct. 1751 6 John was born in America abt 1756 The John B. 1756 is sometimes confused with the above metioned Johann B. 1737. Our best guess is that Johnannes B. 1737 either stayed in Germany or died before or during the trip to America.
In the christening record of Maria Dorothea Grimm, daughter of Jacob and Magdalena Grimm in May 1729, it lists Johann Ludwig Riedweyl as an apprentice weaver, single, and son of Friedrich Riedweyl (Doc. 6). Also in christening record of his second child Johannes, Ludwig Sr. is listed as a yarn weaver, Doc. 3 but elsewhere, as just a weaver.
-----Original Message-----
From: Dr. Georg Fischer
To: Tex Dick
Date: Wednesday, July 01, 1998 7:45 AM
Subject: Record 8-Dec-1740
Dear Tex, the first record is on 2 pages.
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[End of the first page for 1740:] December Den 8. December wurde Johann Ludwig Riedweilens, Bürger und [Mobeus??] alhier und seines Eheweibs Barbara, Söhnlein welches den 4. eiusdiem geboren, getauft und [beginning of next page] 1740 102 December [faint overwriting in this place: " 12 ?", maybe "18"] Johann Ludwig genannt, Taufzeugen waren Johann Ludwig [A???] weyl: Theolbaldt [A???], gewesen Bürger alhier [Hinterlosser??] ehel. Sohn, und Anna Apolonia, Friedrich Riedweilens Bürgers alhier ehel: Tochter, beyde noch ledigen Wandels, wir attestiren [signatures:] Ludwig ridweil Christian Melchior als Vatter Fischer Pfrr.[= pastor]
[??] Ludwig A. alß gevatter
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On Dec. 8th was J.L. Riedweil's ["ens" is possessive grammar form], citizen and ?? here and his wife's Barbara little son, which was born 4th the same month [latin] baptized and Johann Ludwig named, bapt. witnesses were J.L. [some name] [??] Theobaldt [same name] who was citizen here [name] marriage son, and Anna Apolonia, Friedrich Riedweil's citizen here marriage daughter, both still unmarried, we certify [signatures]
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I cannot translate "Ehel:" properly without my dictionary, it means that they were born by a marriaed couple. The faint cross over the record would indicate that somebody else noted later that the child died (soon?), that occurs rather often, together with a year. But I'm not sure about this, and the write put a question mark also. The name RIEDWEIL is rather clear, except that in the signature it's RIDWEIL.
My [Dr. Fisher] picture is: Friedrich = grandfather of the newborn son Johann Ludwig = father, Barbara = mother Johann Ludwig = son, born 4-Dec-1740, bapt. 8-Dec (this record) Anna Apolonia = bapt. witness, aunt of the newborn So long - Georg punctum-transfer Dr. Georg Fischer , Mobil 0172 9407118 Rotteckring 19 Tel. +49 7644 913016, Fax 913018 D-79341 Kenzingen, Germany 48d11m32s North, 7d46m46s East
1749 - In the summer of 1749, a man by the name of Landenberger of Ebingen, who made frequent trips between Germany and America, brought back favorable letters from Hans Balthass Bitzer and Matthaeus Mautte. According to a report in 1749 by Mayor Venninger of Lauffen, preserved at Ludwigsburg, the letters are said to have "made such an impression among different families, that they even now appear to be intent on leaving next Spring." This resulted in the large Lauffen emigration of 1750, including some on the ship "Osgood."
1750 - Germany, Pfalz, Bayern, Immigrant's surname: READWILE Immigrant's given name(s): Johann Ludwig Ship name: Osgood U.S. arrival date: 29 SEP 1750 Port: PA, Philadelphia Co., Philadelphia Place of origin: Res: Freckenfeld, Pfalz, Bayern, Germany late of Cowes Source: Thirty Thousand Names of Immigrants, by I. Daniel Rupp maybe Kathrin Hagen Lower Saxony 1751 - PA, Lancaster Co., Sower's Germantown Newspaper 1743-1763 16 Dec 1751, Johanes Steinman, Lancaster Co. Pa near Mr. Wrights ferry in the Susquehanna, advertised that his German servant, Johannes Ritweiler 16 years old ran away. The boy's father is Michel Ritweiler, living in the swamp.
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Person, Thomas. Granville Co.
Title: Person, Thomas. Granville Co.
Provenance: Class: State Records [Collection]
Group: Secretary of State Record Group
Series: Granville Proprietary Land Office: Land Entries, Warrants, and Plats of Survey
Box: Granville County, Pe
Years: 1760 Creator: Secretary of State, Office of Granville Proprietary Land Office Secretary, Office of the Call Number: S.108.270--S.108.283 Location: MFR MARS Id: 12.12.36.29 (Folder) Genres / Forms: Land entries, Land entries, Warrants, Plats Scope / Contents: Land Entry: 1760 February 1. 700 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Tar River Warrant: 1760 February 1. 700 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Tar River Plat: 1760 July 21. 595 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Crooked Creek, Tar River,
Shelton Creek
Chain carriers: Charles Coaty, William Meadows
Surveyor: Joseph John Williams
Index Terms: Geographic Names:
Granville County
Tar River
Crooked Creek
Shelton Creek
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AKA: Rietweill, Riedweil, Riethweil, Rictweil, Ludwig, Reitweil, Riedweyl, Redwile, and John
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Until Napoleonic times, the village of Freckenfeld was part of the Lordship of Guttenberg, the personal inheritance of the Counts von Leiningen. From 1379 onward, the Counts von Leiningen and the Elector Palatine ruled the Lordship jointly. During the Thirty Years War [1618 - 1648], Freckenfeld was occupied multiple times by the troops of the Catholic League (under Spinola) and those of the Bavarian Imperial army (under Tilly). These respective armies robbed, pillaged, brandished fire and murdered. Many of the residents fled. Besides this, the Black Death was then rampant. After the devastating war, some of those who had fled, returned, but French religious refugees and Swiss people came also. In 1685 the French King Louis XIV took over the sovereignty of the Lordship of Guttenberg. Freckenfeld belonged to the French subprefecture of Wissembourg, in the region of Alsace. The Count Palatine and the Duke of Zweibruecken were "only" the usufructuaries (who had the right to enjoy the profits and advantages of the estate, that is, the taxes and duties). In 1733 according to a legally binding will, the Veldenz half of the Lordship of Guttenberg, along with the village of Freckenfeld, came into the possession of Duke Christian III of Zweibruecken. Thus the burdensome joint governance came to an end, but the sovereignty of the French crown remained. At this time the Lutheran church registers began. The Catholic ones were maintained in the neighboring communities of Schaidt or Kandel.
With the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789, the Lordship of Guttenberg was abolished and incorporated into the French Republic, and then into the Napoleonic Empire. The Napoleonic administration appointed the mayor; and beginning in 1793, maintained the documents at the registry office. In 1815 the former Guttenberg villages were annexed to Austria, and in 1816 in an exchange with Tyrol, they became Bavarian. As such they were the possession of the Wittelsbachs. Together with other villages, they are now in the district of Germersheim.
"Pfalz" is German for "Palatinate". The Palatinate (or in German, die Pfalz) was governed as part of Bavaria until 1945,although separated from the rest of Bavaria. The provincial capital was Speyer. Following World War II, the Palatinate was one of the three components of the newly created state of Rhineland-Palatinate (or in German Rheinland-Pfalz), the other two components being the southern half of the Prussian Rhineland and that region of pre-war Hessen known as Rhine-Hessen. Mainz (in the former Rhine-Hessen) is the capital of the present-day state of Rhineland-Palatinate. In 1945 Freckenfeld became part of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Since 1973 Freckenfeld has belonged to the municipal association of Kandel.
Barbara died 19 Oct 1769 in Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.
Ludwig moved his family to Granville County NC after Barbara's death.
He was visiting his daughter, Anna Margaretha "Margaret" Redwine Peeler and her family in Rowan County NC when he died and he was buried there. His estate was probated in Granville County NC because he made his home there and owned property there.
Miscellaneous Notes:
∼Tex Harrison is the same as Tex Dix or Dick.
Crystal Burnham has left a token saying this person is Frederick Ludwig. I do not agree. Her data comes from Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book.
He is not Frederick he is Johann Ludwig. She also says Frederick has a son name Joshua among other things that can be traced back to a book by Mrs. Lucy Reagan Redwine. If she has some other source I would like to know what it is and where that person got it etc. Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book lists no sources for any of her data. My data is source recorded thanks to the many cousins that have helped with their money, information, time and effort.
Joshua Redwine was born about 1784 son of Frederick Augustus Redwine who is the son of Johann Michael Redwine my maternal line and who I call Mike Sr. I have a picture of Mike Sr.'s Bible and he names his children with birth dates. This is the NA line (NA=Native American =Indian.) as researched by Don Yates "Panther" who shows Joshua mother as A full blooded NA. I haven't been able to talk with Don to find out his source for this data.
I know of no source record for Joshua as a son of this Johann Lewis Redwine or other children other than those listed in his will located in Granville, NC and confirmed by records in Germany. An older John that we don't know where he went. That John is not the same John as is in Lewis Sr. will.
Not trying to hate on Lucy Reagan Redwine's Book. Nothing but respect for her and her work. I think the lady did a great job in trying to pass on the family history. At the time and with her tools she did a lot better job of it than I would have done.
I have assumed Johann was used in front of another given name, while Johannes was used if the given name by which the individual is known Really is John.
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----- Original Message -----
From: Skip Shepherd
To: tex
Cc: skip shepherd
Sent: Thursday, March 29, 2012 1:25 PM
Subject: Birthdates for Ludwick and Barbara Peeler
Tex: Was wondering if you have come across any additional information about these unverified dates, for LR and BP ?
Skip
----- Original Message -----
From: Tex Dix
To: Skip Shepherd
Sent: Thursday, March 29, 2012 2:15 PM
Subject: Re: Birthdates for Ludwick and Barbara Peeler
Sorry I didn't reply back on that Skip.
I did check all my source stuff and looked in the Redwine book by Mrs. Martha Redwine Nelson. I can't find any source for their birth dates.
I am guessing that I and others have transferred those dates from the book my Mrs. Lucy Reagan Redwine from her book. I can't find my copies of her book to check that she does in fact gives these dates for her version of events. It seem those dates will work but we should make it clear there is no know source record that we can find for those dates.
Skip, what do you suggest we put into the birth dates for LR (Lewis Redwine) Sr. and BP? (Barbara Peeler)
Tex -
[email protected]
305 Avalee Rd.
Brooks, GA 30205
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1750 - PA, Philadelphia Co., Philadelphia 29 Sept., The ship 'Osgood' arrived in Philadelphia from Rotterdam, last from Cowes; William Wilkie, Captain, listed 480 [ or 180 "not sure"] passengers. Ludwig Readwile and Joh. Michael Rietweill were among those passengers.
Ludwig RIETHWEIL and his family most likely were taken to the court house where he then made his mark on the Oath of Allegiance and qualified, as well as his son Michael who was able to sign his name. Since Michael was over the age of 16, he had to qualify. The other children were under the age of 16, so were not required to qualify. Michael signed his name Rietweill to the document. Ludwig did not sign the document, but made his mark "LRW" and the spelling of the surname as "Readwile" is most likely a phonetic one by the court clerk.
1760 - 15 Aug 1760 Lodwick REDWINE of Granville County, NC, for fifty pounds proclamation money, purchased from William Meadows of Orange County, 233 acres located eastward of Michael Peeler's and on the branches of Shillons (now Shelton's) Creek. The land adjoined Slaughter and Matheas. Lodwick owned this land when he died as it is included in the inventory of his estate. Source: Granville Co NC Deed Book H, p 364 (per Martha Redwine). On Jan 1777 Jacob & John Redwine ( Rietweil ) sold to Miles Wells, all being of Granville Co., the 233 acre tract which they had inherited jointly from their father.
Granville Deed Bk. L, page 103, 30 December 1776. Susan Wills: Mentioned in deed record when Miles sells some property and her name is recorded in the transaction.
http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&hl=en&geocode=&saddr=Shelton+Cree k+Rd,+Oxford,+NC+27565&daddr=35.496456,-80.090332+to:&mrcr=0,1&mr sp=1&sz=19&mra=dpe&ie=UTF8≪=36.331169,-78.730602&spn=0.069699,0 .1157&t=h&z=13&om=1
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Slaughter, Jacob. Granville Co. Title: Slaughter, Jacob. Granville Co. Provenance: Class: State Records [Collection]
Group: Secretary of State Record Group Series: Granville Proprietary Land Office: Granville Grants of Deed Box: Granville Co.
Years: 1757 Creator: Secretary of State, Office of Granville Proprietary Land Office Secretary, Office of the Call Number: SSLG 56H Location: MFR MARS Id: 12.13.56.28 (Folder) Genres / Forms: Deeds, Plats, Indexes Scope / Contents: November 9, 1757 640 acres Location: Both sides of Shelton Creek 1 copy Deed #43
Index Terms: Geographic Names: Granville County Shelton Creek
Personal Names: Slaughter, Jacob Howser, Abraham Note: Land was surveyed for Abraham Howser. See also 12.12.38.31.
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1764 - Lodowick Redwine appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list. This is the first tax list he has been located in. He paid one poll. The list was made by Col. Harris.
1766 - Lodwick Redwine was listed on the tax list of Granville Co NC. The list was made by John Thomas and the number of polls paid has been blurred and not readable.
1767 - Lodwick Redwine was on the tax list of Granville Co NC when he paid one poll.
1767 - NC Granville Co. deed book H (1765-1826) page, 364 Lodwick Redwine of Granville Co. records land deed August 15, 1767 from William Medows of Orange Co. NC.
1768 - Lodwick Redwine was on the tax list of Granville Co NC as shown in tithables taken by Robert Harris. He paid two polls which included son Jacob Redwine shown. The law at the time in NC set the white male poll at ages 16 and upward. Jacob would have reached age 16 in October 1767.
1769 - Lodwick Reetwile appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list and paid two polls. Michael Redwine appeared same list. 1769 - NC, Granville Co., tax list Lodowick Redwine 2 whites.
1770 - Lodwick Redwine was on the Granville Co NC tax list, paying two polls.
1771 - Ludwick Redwine appeared on the Granville Co NC tax list and paid three polls. This would indicate the youngest son John had reached the age of 16 years.
1772 - 22 Feb On page, 329 Granville County Unregistered Wills Lewis RIETHWEIL (signed in German Ludwig) wrote his will in Granville County naming sons Lewis, Michael, Jacob, John, and daughter Margaret Peeler, wife of Michael Peeler. The youngest son, John, was underage at that time. His wish was that son John was to serve his brother Jacob but for one year, then to be declared free. as of 1785 The original will, is in the care of the Granville County clerk of the Superior Court. The Will was filed in 1772.
The Will of Ludwig Riethweil ( Lewis Redwine Sr. ) In the name of God amen; I, Lewis Riethweil of Granville Co. in the Province of North Carlonia, being weak in body but sound in mind and memory ( thanks be to God) do make and ordain this my last will and testament in manner and form following VIZ: Imprimis, I lend to my loving wife, Barbara Riethweil during the term of her natural life or widowhood the use of all my stock and household furniture on the plantation wereon I now live.
Item: I give to my son Lewis Riethweil one Shilling Sterling.
Item: I give to my son Michael Riethweil one Shilling Sterling.
Item: I give to my two sons Jacob and John Riethweil to them and their heirs and assigns forever my tract of two hundred and fifty acres of land wereon I now live and if at any time after my decease the said tract of land should be sold the purchase money thereof to be equally divided between my two sons Jacob and John Rietheweil. Item: As my above youngest son John Riethweil is at the present time underage my will and desire is that in the case of my speddy death the said my son John Riethweil is to serve his brother Jacob Reithweil but one year and then be declared free.
Item: My will and desire is that after the decease of my above loving wife Barbara Riethwiel all my stock and household furniture be equally divided between my several children to wit: my son Michael Riethweil, Jacob and John Riethwiel, and my daughter Margaret Peeler.
Lastly, I do appoint my son in law Michael Peeler and Anthony Peeler to be Executors of this my last will and Testament revoking and disannulling and making void all other wills heretofore by me made and in order that this be my last will and testament I have hereunto set my hand and seal this Twenty Second day of February 1772.
Signed Sealed and delivered and ordered to be his last will and Testament in the presence of us. Signed..( his signature ).. Ludwig Riethwiel Michael Peeler Jacob Hoffman (?) Jurat Anthony Peeler Jurat Proved August Court 1772 NOTE: Clerk used the spelling of "Lewis Riethwield" an apparently the person signing was "Ludwig Riethweil.
1772 - NC, Aug The inventory of Lodwick Redwine was recorded into Granville County Court in August 1772 which means he died between 22 Feb 1772 and Aug 1772. The inventory included the 233 acres of land he purchased in 1760. In this document, his name was shown with three different spellings, Lodwick Redwine; Lewis Riethweil; & Lodowick Redwine.
1777 - NC, Granville Co., On Jan 1777 Jacob & John Redwine ( Rietweil ) sold to Miles Wells, all being of Granville Co., the 233 acre tract which they had inherited jointly from their father. 1790 NC census Granville Co. lists a Miles Wells in Tar River Dist. Granville Deed Bk. L, page 103, 30 December 1776. Susan Wells Wills: Mentioned in deed record when Miles sells some property and her name is recorded in the transaction. Charles . Miles Wells (John, #16);15,16 born circa 1740 at Bertie County, NC; married Frusanna Lea (see #9) 1767; died circa 1826 at Person Co, NC. Before he married Frusanna, Miles was married to Susan Hardy [1741 - 1766] and had five sons. Miles and Susan Wells sold a tract of land in Granville County, NC, to a William Howell on December 13, 1776. The 1790, 1800, 1810 and 1820 censuses show Miles Wells still in Granville Co, owning 414 acres. Mildred Austin Finch's papers show many land transfers he made. His home when Elisha was born was in Caswell County, 7 or 8 miles from Oxford, NC, near the Virginia border. Miles Wells died in Person County.
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Freckenfeld belongs in the Federal German state of Rheinland-Pfalz. Freckenfeld belongs to Kreis Germersheim, RegBez Rheinhessen-Pfalz, Land Rheinland-Pfalz The AGS is 07334005. The ZIP code is 76872
Following are some variations found while searching the name Redwine: Raedwine, Radewynde, Radewint, Radwin, Ritwell, Redewinus, Readwile, Rietweill, Redewinus, Redewyne, Redwin, Redwine, Redwile, Reedwine, Reetwhile, Reichwein, Reitweild, Reitweil, Rietwell, Ritwell, Riethweil. Source : "Ancestors and Descendants of John and Sarah and other Redwines," by Martha Redwine Nelson.
As the Palatine population grew in England, the Crown ordered a census made of these people. This inventory is preserved in the British Museum Library, London, England. It is from this inventory taken at Walworth, 27th of May, 1709, that we find Redwines. Lists of Germans from the Palatinate Who Came to England in 1709 are: Frederick Ritweil, age 32, wife, son age 2, Lutheran; and Jacob Ritweil, age 22, single, Lutheran. On Jan. 1710, a ship of Palatines sailed to America, arriving in Va. 13 weeks later. The Palatines were shipped across the Albermarle Sound to the Neuse River and placed on the south side of a point of land along the Trent River. There were also other ships coming to the Colonies during this great migration period of 1710- 1712, however, no document was found of Jacob and/or Frederick sailing to America. Source : "Ancestors and Descendants of John and Sarah and other Redwines," by Martha Redwine Nelson.
Other passengers on the ship "Osgood" included the following: From Lauffen were Ludwig Bitzer, Rudolph Christe, Jacob Koenig, Johann Matthias Spohn, Christian Stotz, Hans Balthass Stotz, Ludwig Stotz, and Johannes Wolfer. Hans Jerg Gutekunst was from Nagold. There was also a passenger by the name of Georg Becker who might possibly have been a relative of Barbara, wife of Johann Ludwig RIETHWEIL. There was a man named Johannes Seyl, but it is not known if this name might have been Seyler. If so, there might be a relationship to Peter Seyler whose son was baptized in 1755. Johann Michael Riethweil and his wife Christina were sponsors. Source 1: "Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709 - 1786"
Passengers embarked upon small, poorly equipped, and often filthy sailing vessels. Death, sickness, starvation, and even cannibalism were often unwanted companions on long crossings. It was not uncommon for a third of the passengers, or more, to die on a long journey, and even a short crossing was considered to be successful if the death count was kept to around ten percent. The long crossing meant bad food; the water stank and grew slimy, meat spoiled, and butter turned rancid. If the captain or owner was a profiteer, the food was often rotten to begin with. In the small vessels, tossed by the relentless sea, seasickness was a common occurrence. Most of the voyage was spent in bed or heaving over the side.
A German by the name of Gottlieb Mittelberger, who arrived in Philadelphia in 1750, gave us a vivid account of his crossing, which was typical of most who made the voyage to America. His journey took six months, the people were "packed into the boats as closely as herring...." The water distributed to thirsty passengers was often "very black, thick with dirt and full of worms." Mittelberger's description of conditions on the ship refers to "smells, fumes, horrors, vomiting... boils, scurvy, cancer, mouthrot, ...caused by the age and the highly-salted state of the food, especially the meat... Add to all that, shortage of food, hunger, thirst, frost, heat, dampness, fear, misery, lamentation, and vexation...so many lice...that they had to be scraped off the bodies. All this misery reaches its climax when in addition to everything else one must suffer through two to three days and nights of storm...all the people on board pray and cry pitifully together." Under such circumstances, what little civilty there might have been collapsed completely. People grew so bitter "that one person begins to curse the other, or himself and the day of his birth, and people sometimes come close to murdering one another. Misery and malice are readily associated, so that people begin to cheat and steal from one another." It is hardly surprising that America, when the immigrants reached it, seemed a land of deliverance: "When at last after the long and difficult voyage the ships finally approach land, "Mittleberger wrote, "for the sight of which the people on board had longed so passionately, then everyone crawls from below to the deck, in order to look at the land.... And the people cry for joy, pray, and sing praises and thanks to God. The glimpse of land revives the passengers, especially those who are half-dead of illness. Their spirits, however weak they had become, leap up, triumph, and rejoice...."
As difficult as these conditions were, the circumstances of prisoners were, as might be imagined, substantially worse. They were chained below decks in crowded, noisome ranks. One observer who went on board a convict ship to visit a prisoner wrote: "All the states of horror I ever had an idea of are much short of what I saw this poor man in; chained to a board in a hole not above sixteen feet long, more than fifty with him; a collar and padlock about his neck, and chained to five of the most dreadful creatures I have ever looked on." Living conditions were little better than those obtaining on slave ships, and before the voyage was over it was not uncommon to lose a quarter of the human cargo.
----- Original Message -----
From: Imogene Bennett
To:
Sent: Friday, October 15, 1999 2:46 AM
Subject: [REDWINE] Spelling Variations of REDWINE Name in Granville Co NC
Probably most of you on the REDWINE list already have viewed the original Granville Co NC records, but it is interesting to see the different spellings in the same documents. I have some copies of original records of Granville Co NC which show the various spellings of the name.
A list of Taxables taken for 1766: Lodwick REDWINE
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1767 tax list: Lodwick REDWINE
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List of Tithables Taken by Robt Harris for 1768: Lodwick REDWINE & Son Jacob
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Granville Co NC will: "In the Name of God Amen, I Lewis RIETHWEIL of Granville County in the Province of NC ..." Signed by Ludwig -- the last name very difficult to read, but looks as if it is RIETHWEIL.
The front page of this probate record says, "Last Will and Testament of Lewis RIETHWEIL"
The inventory in Granville Co NC says, "The Estate of Lodwick REDWINE Deceast Consists to wit of . . ." This is a very lengthy list of items with the first item being "1 plantatation Containing two hundred & thirty three acres of Land." At the end, "The above is a true Inventory of the above Estate (?) Excepted" Signed by Anthony PEELOR (his mark "A") and Michael PEELAR.
The front page of the inventory packet shows on the first line, "Lewis RIETHWEIL, Inven" and the second line, "REDWINE, Lodowick decd"
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I thought perhaps this might help to answer any doubts one might have. Seeing different spellings in the original document (and sometimes even different on the same page) should erase any doubt that Ludwig appears as Ludwig/Lodwick/Lodowick/Lewis and RIETHWEIL/REDWINE in the Granville Co NC records.
I have assumed Johann was used in front of another given name, while Johannes was used if the given name by which the individual is known Really is John.
Apparently Ludwig Riedweil Sr. and Barbara Bächler had four children before they came to America: FHC film 247602 1 Johann Michael Riedweil chr. GR 22 Mar 1733 2 Johann Riedweil born GR 1 May 1737 3 Johann Ludwig Riedweil born GR 4 Dec 1740 4 Anna Margretha Riedweil born GR 18 Feb 1745 5 Jacob was born in America Oct. 1751 6 John was born in America abt 1756 The John B. 1756 is sometimes confused with the above metioned Johann B. 1737. Our best guess is that Johnannes B. 1737 either stayed in Germany or died before or during the trip to America.
In the christening record of Maria Dorothea Grimm, daughter of Jacob and Magdalena Grimm in May 1729, it lists Johann Ludwig Riedweyl as an apprentice weaver, single, and son of Friedrich Riedweyl (Doc. 6). Also in christening record of his second child Johannes, Ludwig Sr. is listed as a yarn weaver, Doc. 3 but elsewhere, as just a weaver.
-----Original Message-----
From: Dr. Georg Fischer
To: Tex Dick
Date: Wednesday, July 01, 1998 7:45 AM
Subject: Record 8-Dec-1740
Dear Tex, the first record is on 2 pages.
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[End of the first page for 1740:] December Den 8. December wurde Johann Ludwig Riedweilens, Bürger und [Mobeus??] alhier und seines Eheweibs Barbara, Söhnlein welches den 4. eiusdiem geboren, getauft und [beginning of next page] 1740 102 December [faint overwriting in this place: " 12 ?", maybe "18"] Johann Ludwig genannt, Taufzeugen waren Johann Ludwig [A???] weyl: Theolbaldt [A???], gewesen Bürger alhier [Hinterlosser??] ehel. Sohn, und Anna Apolonia, Friedrich Riedweilens Bürgers alhier ehel: Tochter, beyde noch ledigen Wandels, wir attestiren [signatures:] Ludwig ridweil Christian Melchior als Vatter Fischer Pfrr.[= pastor]
[??] Ludwig A. alß gevatter
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On Dec. 8th was J.L. Riedweil's ["ens" is possessive grammar form], citizen and ?? here and his wife's Barbara little son, which was born 4th the same month [latin] baptized and Johann Ludwig named, bapt. witnesses were J.L. [some name] [??] Theobaldt [same name] who was citizen here [name] marriage son, and Anna Apolonia, Friedrich Riedweil's citizen here marriage daughter, both still unmarried, we certify [signatures]
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I cannot translate "Ehel:" properly without my dictionary, it means that they were born by a marriaed couple. The faint cross over the record would indicate that somebody else noted later that the child died (soon?), that occurs rather often, together with a year. But I'm not sure about this, and the write put a question mark also. The name RIEDWEIL is rather clear, except that in the signature it's RIDWEIL.
My [Dr. Fisher] picture is: Friedrich = grandfather of the newborn son Johann Ludwig = father, Barbara = mother Johann Ludwig = son, born 4-Dec-1740, bapt. 8-Dec (this record) Anna Apolonia = bapt. witness, aunt of the newborn So long - Georg punctum-transfer Dr. Georg Fischer , Mobil 0172 9407118 Rotteckring 19 Tel. +49 7644 913016, Fax 913018 D-79341 Kenzingen, Germany 48d11m32s North, 7d46m46s East
1749 - In the summer of 1749, a man by the name of Landenberger of Ebingen, who made frequent trips between Germany and America, brought back favorable letters from Hans Balthass Bitzer and Matthaeus Mautte. According to a report in 1749 by Mayor Venninger of Lauffen, preserved at Ludwigsburg, the letters are said to have "made such an impression among different families, that they even now appear to be intent on leaving next Spring." This resulted in the large Lauffen emigration of 1750, including some on the ship "Osgood."
1750 - Germany, Pfalz, Bayern, Immigrant's surname: READWILE Immigrant's given name(s): Johann Ludwig Ship name: Osgood U.S. arrival date: 29 SEP 1750 Port: PA, Philadelphia Co., Philadelphia Place of origin: Res: Freckenfeld, Pfalz, Bayern, Germany late of Cowes Source: Thirty Thousand Names of Immigrants, by I. Daniel Rupp maybe Kathrin Hagen Lower Saxony 1751 - PA, Lancaster Co., Sower's Germantown Newspaper 1743-1763 16 Dec 1751, Johanes Steinman, Lancaster Co. Pa near Mr. Wrights ferry in the Susquehanna, advertised that his German servant, Johannes Ritweiler 16 years old ran away. The boy's father is Michel Ritweiler, living in the swamp.
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Person, Thomas. Granville Co.
Title: Person, Thomas. Granville Co.
Provenance: Class: State Records [Collection]
Group: Secretary of State Record Group
Series: Granville Proprietary Land Office: Land Entries, Warrants, and Plats of Survey
Box: Granville County, Pe
Years: 1760 Creator: Secretary of State, Office of Granville Proprietary Land Office Secretary, Office of the Call Number: S.108.270--S.108.283 Location: MFR MARS Id: 12.12.36.29 (Folder) Genres / Forms: Land entries, Land entries, Warrants, Plats Scope / Contents: Land Entry: 1760 February 1. 700 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Tar River Warrant: 1760 February 1. 700 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Tar River Plat: 1760 July 21. 595 acres.
Descriptive references for land: Crooked Creek, Tar River,
Shelton Creek
Chain carriers: Charles Coaty, William Meadows
Surveyor: Joseph John Williams
Index Terms: Geographic Names:
Granville County
Tar River
Crooked Creek
Shelton Creek
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AKA: Rietweill, Riedweil, Riethweil, Rictweil, Ludwig, Reitweil, Riedweyl, Redwile, and John
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Until Napoleonic times, the village of Freckenfeld was part of the Lordship of Guttenberg, the personal inheritance of the Counts von Leiningen. From 1379 onward, the Counts von Leiningen and the Elector Palatine ruled the Lordship jointly. During the Thirty Years War [1618 - 1648], Freckenfeld was occupied multiple times by the troops of the Catholic League (under Spinola) and those of the Bavarian Imperial army (under Tilly). These respective armies robbed, pillaged, brandished fire and murdered. Many of the residents fled. Besides this, the Black Death was then rampant. After the devastating war, some of those who had fled, returned, but French religious refugees and Swiss people came also. In 1685 the French King Louis XIV took over the sovereignty of the Lordship of Guttenberg. Freckenfeld belonged to the French subprefecture of Wissembourg, in the region of Alsace. The Count Palatine and the Duke of Zweibruecken were "only" the usufructuaries (who had the right to enjoy the profits and advantages of the estate, that is, the taxes and duties). In 1733 according to a legally binding will, the Veldenz half of the Lordship of Guttenberg, along with the village of Freckenfeld, came into the possession of Duke Christian III of Zweibruecken. Thus the burdensome joint governance came to an end, but the sovereignty of the French crown remained. At this time the Lutheran church registers began. The Catholic ones were maintained in the neighboring communities of Schaidt or Kandel.
With the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789, the Lordship of Guttenberg was abolished and incorporated into the French Republic, and then into the Napoleonic Empire. The Napoleonic administration appointed the mayor; and beginning in 1793, maintained the documents at the registry office. In 1815 the former Guttenberg villages were annexed to Austria, and in 1816 in an exchange with Tyrol, they became Bavarian. As such they were the possession of the Wittelsbachs. Together with other villages, they are now in the district of Germersheim.
"Pfalz" is German for "Palatinate". The Palatinate (or in German, die Pfalz) was governed as part of Bavaria until 1945,although separated from the rest of Bavaria. The provincial capital was Speyer. Following World War II, the Palatinate was one of the three components of the newly created state of Rhineland-Palatinate (or in German Rheinland-Pfalz), the other two components being the southern half of the Prussian Rhineland and that region of pre-war Hessen known as Rhine-Hessen. Mainz (in the former Rhine-Hessen) is the capital of the present-day state of Rhineland-Palatinate. In 1945 Freckenfeld became part of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Since 1973 Freckenfeld has belonged to the municipal association of Kandel.
Family Members
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