Paquita de Shishmareff (or Paquita Louise de Shishmareff) was the married name of Louise A. Chandor. Her husband was Feodor Ivanovich Shishmarev (born 1876), a captain (later colonel) in the Czarist Russian Imperial Army. It is believed that Feodor was murdered by Bolsheviks in 1917 during the Russian Revolution. The Russian spelling of Feodor's name (without the diacritical marks) is: Fedor Ivanovic Sismarev.
When signing her name to her published books and published articles, Paquita usually used one of the following pen-names: "L. Fry," "Leslie Fry," or "Louise Fry." Paquita's mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Red (1837-1929). Elizabeth was a daughter of James Red (July 22, 1814 - November 17, 1857) and Etna (Edna) Fry (1817-1837). Etna died not long after Elizabeth was born, and Elizabeth was raised by members of her mother's family. When Elizabeth was somewhere between 5-10 years old she was adopted in Illinois by Etna's brother John Douglas Fry (July 1, 1819 - February 3, 1901), who later became a famous San Francisco banking, mining, and real estate magnate. Elizabeth started using "Fry" (instead of "Red") as her surname after being adopted by J. D. Fry in the 1840s.
Paquita's married name is spelled in different ways in various records. For example, in the SSDI (Social Security Death Index) (which can be searched online, for free, at the genealogybank.com website) she is listed as "Paquita Deshishmaref." In the "California Death Index, 1940-1997" (which can be searched online, for free, at the "rootsweb" part of the ancestry.com website), she is listed as "Paquita Deshishmare." In the 1920 U. S. Federal Census (where she is listed as residing in Mamaroneck, Westchester County, New York) her name is spelled "Paquita Deshishmareft." She sometimes spelled her surname as "De Shishmareff" (which often leads researchers to spell her surname as "Deshishmareff"), and in private correspondence she sometimes signed her name as "P. A. Shishmareva" or "Paquita A. Shishmareva." Some authors report that she was called "Mady" de Shishmareff by her close friends.
Previous to the birth of her daughter Louise in Paris in 1882, Elizabeth (Red) Fry had married William Chapman Ralston (1826-1875) on May 20, 1858 in San Francisco. Ralston became a San Francisco banking and real estate magnate, known as "the man who built San Francisco." However, Elizabeth and William's marriage was not a happy one, and it finally ended in disaster on August 27, 1875, when William drowned while swimming in San Francisco Bay. After the initial, partial settlement of her husband's estate, in December 1875 Elizabeth embarked on a steamer to Europe, intending to settle in Paris with her children. It is reported that Elizabeth first met John Arthur Chandor on this steamer, and that he soon joined her in Paris, even though he had recently married Adeline Augusta Dickinson (1850-1947) on April 1, 1874 in New York City.
Paquita's maiden name was Louise A. Chandor. She was born in Paris on Feb. 16, 1882, the daughter of John Arthur Chandor (1850-1909) and Elizabeth "Lizzie" (Red) Fry Ralston (1837-1929). It is not known at this time if John and Elizabeth were married at the time of Louise's birth, or if Louise was born out of wedlock. The records of the "Etat Civil" of Paris have been searched, and, to date, no record of Louise's birth has been found therein. Louise's middle name may have been "Arabella". Her father John Arthur Chandor had an older sister named Arabella Chandor (1848 - October 21, 1906), and he may have given Louise the middle name "Arabella" in honor of his sister. The names "Louise" and "Arabella" were popular names for women in this branch of the Chandor family. Guy Richards (May 18, 1905 - January 3, 1979) in his book "The Hunt for the Czar" (1970) stated incorrectly, on page 204, that Louise's father's name was John Alfred Chandor (should be instead: "John Arthur Chandor"), and that Louise's parents gave her the middle name "Alfredovna" - presumably in honor of her father's middle name "Alfred". However, since both of Louise's parents were born in America (not Russia), and Louise was born in Paris, France, it seems unlikely that her parents would have given her the Russian middle name "Alfredovna". Since Guy Richards got the middle name of Louise's father wrong, he may have gotten Louise's middle name wrong also.
Louise married an officer in the Russian Imperial Army named Feodor Ivanovich Shishmarev (born 1876) in 1906 in St. Petersburg. Paquita usually wrote her married surname as "De Shishmareff," which is an Americanized form of the Russian surname Sismarev (Shishmarev). The Shishmarev family had been members of the Russian nobility for centuries. It is believed (but not certain) that Feodor was murdered in 1917 by Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution, but before his murder he had the foresight to send his wife (who was now using her married name 'Paquita Louise de Shishmareff') with their two sons (Kyril and Misha), and the family fortune, out of the country to safety. Sometime in early 1917 Paquita and her sons moved from the Shishmarev estate in Tsarskoye Selo (now known as the town of Pushkin) to Tiflis, where they lived, briefly, under the protection of the American Consulate there. In the mid-summer of 1917, Paquita and her sons left Tiflis and traveled to the eastern Russian port city Vladivostok, where they boarded the steamship S. S. Goentoer, their final destination being San Francisco, California. Paquita and her sons arrived in San Francisco on the S. S. Goentoer on August 31, 1917. After living in San Francisco for a while, they moved to the New York City area.
The 1920 U. S. Federal Census shows Paquita and her son Misha (under the names "Paquita and Misha Deshishmareft") living in Mamaroneck, Westchester County, New York (about 8 miles northeast of Manhattan), while the same census shows Kyril (under the name "Keera De Shismareff") attending the Mount Tamalpais Military Academy in San Rafael (Marin County), California.
Paquita moved back to California about 1926. She was associated with fascist political circles during this period. Her wealth allowed her to financially support right-wing nationalists.
Paquita de Shishmareff became a famous right-wing, pro-Christian, pro-fascist, antisemitic activist, who is known primarily for her authorship of "Waters Flowing Eastward" (Paris: Editions R.I.S.S., 1931), which was published under her pen-name "L. Fry." R.I.S.S. is the acronym of "Revue Internationale des Societes Secretes," whose founder and main editor was Monsignor Ernest Jouin (December 21, 1844 - June 27, 1932). "Waters Flowing Eastward" was one of the most astute and penetrating books on the "Illuminati conspiracy" written up to that time.
Paquita met the famous automaker Henry Ford in or around 1920, and presented him with a copy of the infamous "Protocols of the Meetings of the Learned Elders of Zion" (see below for details on the "Protocols" and the Illuminati). She claimed that the "Protocols" were the master plan of a Jewish conspiracy according to which a group led by the "cultural Zionist" Asher Zvi Hirsch Ginzberg (1856-1927) plotted world domination. However, at the time, Ginzberg supported an international Jewish cultural and political revival, rather than a single Jewish state.
Antisemitic writer and Nazi ideologist Ernst Christian Einar Ludvig Detlev, Graf zu Reventlow (August 18, 1869 - November 21, 1943) named Paquita as his source for his own view that Ginzberg was the author of the "Protocols." After Philip Graves provided evidence in "The Times" of London that the "Protocols" were plagiarised from earlier books, Reventlow published his support for Paquita's views in the periodical "La Vieille France." Ginzberg's supporters sued Reventlow, who was forced to retract and pay damages.
Strongly opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal, Paquita argued that it represented "the transformation of the Constitutional form of American government into that of the Kahal, or Jewish form of government. It has been called the New Deal and the Jew Deal. Both are correct and synonymous."
Paquita was involved in various fascist organisations of the 1930s, and founded the nationalist and isolationist Christian Free Press. She joined forces with Henry Douglas Allen (February 21, 1879 - February 7, 1961) in a failed attempt to revitalize the Ku Klux Klan. However, she later accused Allen of misappropriating money from her.
In 1940 she fled to fascist Italy, but returned to the United States after the attack on Pearl Harbor. She was interned in Ellis Island and indicted for sedition, but charges were dropped and after the end of World War II she was released.
The primary goal of the secret society known as the Illuminati - or the Bavarian Order of the Illuminati, founded by Adam Weishaupt (1748-1830) on May 1, 1776 in Bavaria - is the destruction of all sovereign nations and organized religions, so that a dictatorial global government can be set up, to be run by the Illuminati (the extremely wealthy international banking and military-industrial corporate elites).
Many of Paquita's conclusions about the Illuminati agenda were based on evidence found in "The Protocols of the Meetings of the Learned Elders of Zion," a manuscript claiming to be a summary of the Illuminati (and primarily Jewish) masterplan for world domination. According to Paquita's version of the history of the "Protocols" - as related in her book "Waters Flowing Eastward" (1931) - in 1884 Jewish Freemason Joseph Schorst (alias of Theodore Joseph Schapiro) smuggled a copy of the manuscript of the "Protocols" (written in French) out of the archives of one of the Mizraim Masonic Lodges in Paris, and sold it for 2,500 francs to Justine Glinka (Iustinia Dmitrievna Glinka) (July 21, 1836 - 1916), who in turn passed it on to her contacts/relatives in the Okhrana (Tsarist Secret Police). Justine Glinka was a daughter of Russian diplomat Dmitry Grigoryevich Glinka (July 28, 1808 - May 14, 1883). The "Protocols" in its complete form was first published (in Russian) by Sergei A. Nilus (1862-1930) as the final chapter (Chapter 12) of a book whose title, translated into English, is "The Great Within the Small and Antichrist, an Imminent Political Possibility. Notes of an Orthodox Believer" (1905).
Paquita asserted that it is the Jewish faction of the Illuminati which is primarily to blame for both capitalism and communism (originally Bolshevism) - two seemingly opposing ideologies/economic systems. Paquita claims that capitalism and communism are both being secretly financed and manipulated from behind the scenes by Jewish international bankers - such as the Rothschilds, Warburgs, and Schiffs - who are allegedly among the leaders of the Illuminati. By financing and controlling both sides, the final desired outcome (a World Government under Jewish control) is assured.
Many writers on the Illuminati masterplan for world domination contend that the modus operandi of the Illuminati masterplan relies heavily on the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm of cultural/historical evolution," known popularly as the "problem-reaction-solution paradigm." The foundations of this paradigm lie with a group of German philosophers known as the "German idealists."
The basic outlines of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" gradually developed/emerged over a period of time (about 1781-1845) from the thought and writings of certain German idealist philosophers, specifically the philosophers Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), Karl Leonhard Reinhold (1757-1823), Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831), Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling (1775-1854), and Heinrich Moritz Chalybaeus (1796-1862).
The initial (as yet uncrystallized) form of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" - existing in the 1781-1845 time period - is usually referred to by historians of philosophy as the "Hegelian dialectic." However, strictly speaking, the term "Hegelian dialectic" should not be used as a synonym for the fully-developed paradigm, because at the time of Hegel's death (1831) the paradigm itself was still just a somewhat nebulous, ill-defined "philosophical composite" based on and derived from certain writings of ALL the aforementioned philosophers.
Additionally - and perhaps what is most to the point - Hegel's understanding of "dialectic" (and the actual use he made of "dialectic" in his writings), and the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" - in any of its fully-developed, finalized forms - certainly cannot be equated with each other.
Modern historians of philosophy usually credit German philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), rather than Hegel, with the origination and use of the famous phrase "thesis-antithesis-synthesis". However, although it is true that Fichte, in his "Grundlage der gesammten Wissenschaftslehre" (1794) (Foundation of the Entire Science of Knowledge), first discussed how certain epistemological aspects of his philosophy could be clarified by the application of the conceptual framework embodied in the terms "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis", upon close examination of his writings it appears that the now famous schema "thesis-antithesis-synthesis" - as a stand-alone, tripartite, hyphenated phrase - was never actually used by Fichte (at least not in his published writings) either. The work in which Fichte discussed in greatest detail what part the concepts "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis" play in his epistemology was his "Grundriss des Eigentuemlichen der Wissenschaftslehre in Ruecksicht auf das theoretische Vermoegen (1795) (Outline of the Distinctive Character of the Science of Knowledge with Respect to the Theoretical Faculty).
In the same year (1795), philosopher Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling (1775-1854) arranged the terms "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis" together - in a pyramidal form - on 2 separate charts in his work titled "Vom Ich als Prinzip der Philosophie oder ueber das Unbedingte im menschlichen Wissen" (1795) (On the Ego as Principle of Philosophy or the Unconditioned in Human Knowledge). The charts in the book where the terms "thesis, antithesis, synthesis" are displayed in pyramidal form are titled, respectively, "Table of All Forms" and "The Modality," and they are located between p. 163 and p. 166 in the latter part of the book.
The continually evolving "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm of cultural/historical evolution" was first put to what might be termed "practical use" in a systematic and comprehensive way by Karl Heinrich Marx (1818-1883). Marx referred to his own version/application of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm as the "materialist conception of history". The clearest and most succinct expositions of the "materialist conception of history" that Marx himself published are to be found in the Preface of his "Zur Kritik der politischen Oekonomie" (Berlin: Franz Duncker, 1859) (A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy), and in his "Das Kapital" (in volume 1).
"Dialectical materialism" (the philosophico-economic basis of Marxism/Leninism and of Russian Communism in general) was a term that Marx himself never used. It was socialist philosopher Joseph Dietzgen (Peter Josef Dietzgen) (1828-1888) who actually coined the term "dialectical materialism", and who developed the original form of the doctrine of "dialectical materialism" in some of his letters and writings from the 1870s - independently from (but in parallel with) the thought and efforts of Marx and Friedrich Engels.
Marx's "materialist conception of history" was based in large part on his exposure to (and reaction against) the idiosyncratic use of "dialectic" found in Hegel's "Phenomenology of Mind", "Logic", "Philosophy of History", and in various other parts of Hegel's philosophy. Marx studied Hegel's use of "dialectic" in detail - he read all of Hegel's works which had been published up to that time - while he was living in Stralau (a suburb of Berlin), where he lived for 3 months (May-July, 1837) for the purpose of convalescing from an illness. Also during this period, Marx was invited (through friends in Stralau) to become a member of the so-called "Doctors' Club", a group of Junghegelianer (Young Hegelians) who met regularly at the Cafe Stehely in Berlin. Marx was a part of this group, and a habitue of Cafe Stehely, from 1837-1841. The Young Hegelians emphasized the dialectical aspect of Hegel's philosophy - the theme of universal change and progress - but rejected the "conservative" aspect of Hegel's philosophy, which regarded the existing Prussian State as the perfect culmination of an on-going process of historical and cultural evolution.
During this same time period, the philosopher Heinrich Moritz Chalybaeus (1796-1862) published a work titled "Historische Entwickelung der speculativen Philosophie von Kant bis Hegel: zu naeherer Verstaendigung des Wissenschaftslichen Publicums mit der neuesten Schule dargestellt" (1837) (Historical Development of Speculative Philosophy from Kant to Hegel: To Bring the Educated Public to a Better Understanding, and with the Most Recent School Presented). In this work, among other things, Chalybaeus discussed and analyzed Hegel's use of dialectics, using (in part) in his exposition the Fichtean technical terminology of "thesis, antithesis, synthesis," even though Hegel himself had never couched his dialectical philosophy in those terms. The terminology Chalybaeus used in this work in his exposition of Hegel's philosophy led many of the readers of this work (the vast majority of whom had not read Hegel's works in the original, and who, also, had never made an independent, careful study of Hegel's actual teachings) to conclude - erroneously - that Hegel himself had made wide use of the Fichtean thesis-antithesis-synthesis terminology/conceptual framework in his philosophy, whereas in reality, in his works Hegel had made virtually no use of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis terminolgy. It was in this way that Chalybaeus' somewhat misleading exposition of the dialectical aspects of Hegel's philosophy very likely contributed to the long-standing myth that Hegel (instead of Fichte) was the originator and propagator of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis schema. Chalybaeus' book was widely read and discussed in German philosophical and literary circles (it was published in 5 German editions between 1837-1860), and its contents formed the basis of many discussions and debates conducted by members of the Doctors' Club. While he was convalescing in Stralau, reading this work by Chalybaeus (and discussing it extensively with other members of the Doctor's Club) is possibly what motivated Marx in 1837 to undertake his comprehensive private study of all the works of Hegel which had been published up to that time.
In the Illuminati adaptation of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm," capitalism is the thesis, communism is the antithesis, and a World Government (New World Order) is the synthesis or final desired outcome of the dialectical process. This overall dialectical process is also summarized in the Freemasonic motto "Ordo ab Chao" (Order Out of Chaos) - the motto of the 33rd Degree of Scottish Rite Freemasonry - where the Illuminati/Freemasonic conspirators allegedly create both the "chaos" (world wars and global economic collapse) and the "order" (New World Order) which resolves the chaos.
Paquita's major work, "Waters Flowing Eastward" (1931), attempted to prove that the "Protocols" were part of a plot to destroy Christianity and Christian civilization. She believed that the apparent conflict between Communism and Capitalism was a smoke-screen for Jewish domination, as outlined in the "Protocols."
She published an elaborate chart - the "Politico-Occult-Judaeo-Masonry Chart" (1940, by L. Fry) - which shows the interconnections between all the organizations which she claims were/are involved in the alleged Jewish/Masonic masterplan for world domination. These organizations include the Bavarian Order of the Illuminati and the League of Nations.
The chart which L. Fry (Paquita) published in 1940 was, in turn, basically just a highly abridged summary of a work titled "Occult Theocrasy" (2 vols.) (Abbeville, France: F. Paillart, 1931-1933), which she co-authored with her good friend Lady Queenborough (Edith Starr Miller) (July 16, 1887 - January 16, 1933). Edith and Paquita reportedly spent about 10 years (1922-1931) doing research for this work. "Waters Flowing Eastward" and "Occult Theocrasy" are both now widely regarded as conspiracy classics.
An obituary of Paquita de Shishmareff was published in "The San Bernardino County Sun" newspaper (issue of Wednesday, July 22, 1970, page 32) as follows:
"Mrs. Paquita de Shishmareff, 88, Fullerton, died July 15 in a Fullerton hospital. She was born in France and was a 30-year resident of California. She was an authoress and founder of the California League of Christian Parents. Survivors include two sons, Dr. Michael Fry and Mr. Kyril Rohan-Chandor, both of New York. Memorial services will be held at 11 a.m. tomorrow at Bible Presbyterian Church, San Bernardino, with cremation following in Mt. View Cemetery. Grove Colonial Mortuary, San Bernardino, is in charge."
When signing her name to her published books and published articles, Paquita usually used one of the following pen-names: "L. Fry," "Leslie Fry," or "Louise Fry." Paquita's mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Red (1837-1929). Elizabeth was a daughter of James Red (July 22, 1814 - November 17, 1857) and Etna (Edna) Fry (1817-1837). Etna died not long after Elizabeth was born, and Elizabeth was raised by members of her mother's family. When Elizabeth was somewhere between 5-10 years old she was adopted in Illinois by Etna's brother John Douglas Fry (July 1, 1819 - February 3, 1901), who later became a famous San Francisco banking, mining, and real estate magnate. Elizabeth started using "Fry" (instead of "Red") as her surname after being adopted by J. D. Fry in the 1840s.
Paquita's married name is spelled in different ways in various records. For example, in the SSDI (Social Security Death Index) (which can be searched online, for free, at the genealogybank.com website) she is listed as "Paquita Deshishmaref." In the "California Death Index, 1940-1997" (which can be searched online, for free, at the "rootsweb" part of the ancestry.com website), she is listed as "Paquita Deshishmare." In the 1920 U. S. Federal Census (where she is listed as residing in Mamaroneck, Westchester County, New York) her name is spelled "Paquita Deshishmareft." She sometimes spelled her surname as "De Shishmareff" (which often leads researchers to spell her surname as "Deshishmareff"), and in private correspondence she sometimes signed her name as "P. A. Shishmareva" or "Paquita A. Shishmareva." Some authors report that she was called "Mady" de Shishmareff by her close friends.
Previous to the birth of her daughter Louise in Paris in 1882, Elizabeth (Red) Fry had married William Chapman Ralston (1826-1875) on May 20, 1858 in San Francisco. Ralston became a San Francisco banking and real estate magnate, known as "the man who built San Francisco." However, Elizabeth and William's marriage was not a happy one, and it finally ended in disaster on August 27, 1875, when William drowned while swimming in San Francisco Bay. After the initial, partial settlement of her husband's estate, in December 1875 Elizabeth embarked on a steamer to Europe, intending to settle in Paris with her children. It is reported that Elizabeth first met John Arthur Chandor on this steamer, and that he soon joined her in Paris, even though he had recently married Adeline Augusta Dickinson (1850-1947) on April 1, 1874 in New York City.
Paquita's maiden name was Louise A. Chandor. She was born in Paris on Feb. 16, 1882, the daughter of John Arthur Chandor (1850-1909) and Elizabeth "Lizzie" (Red) Fry Ralston (1837-1929). It is not known at this time if John and Elizabeth were married at the time of Louise's birth, or if Louise was born out of wedlock. The records of the "Etat Civil" of Paris have been searched, and, to date, no record of Louise's birth has been found therein. Louise's middle name may have been "Arabella". Her father John Arthur Chandor had an older sister named Arabella Chandor (1848 - October 21, 1906), and he may have given Louise the middle name "Arabella" in honor of his sister. The names "Louise" and "Arabella" were popular names for women in this branch of the Chandor family. Guy Richards (May 18, 1905 - January 3, 1979) in his book "The Hunt for the Czar" (1970) stated incorrectly, on page 204, that Louise's father's name was John Alfred Chandor (should be instead: "John Arthur Chandor"), and that Louise's parents gave her the middle name "Alfredovna" - presumably in honor of her father's middle name "Alfred". However, since both of Louise's parents were born in America (not Russia), and Louise was born in Paris, France, it seems unlikely that her parents would have given her the Russian middle name "Alfredovna". Since Guy Richards got the middle name of Louise's father wrong, he may have gotten Louise's middle name wrong also.
Louise married an officer in the Russian Imperial Army named Feodor Ivanovich Shishmarev (born 1876) in 1906 in St. Petersburg. Paquita usually wrote her married surname as "De Shishmareff," which is an Americanized form of the Russian surname Sismarev (Shishmarev). The Shishmarev family had been members of the Russian nobility for centuries. It is believed (but not certain) that Feodor was murdered in 1917 by Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution, but before his murder he had the foresight to send his wife (who was now using her married name 'Paquita Louise de Shishmareff') with their two sons (Kyril and Misha), and the family fortune, out of the country to safety. Sometime in early 1917 Paquita and her sons moved from the Shishmarev estate in Tsarskoye Selo (now known as the town of Pushkin) to Tiflis, where they lived, briefly, under the protection of the American Consulate there. In the mid-summer of 1917, Paquita and her sons left Tiflis and traveled to the eastern Russian port city Vladivostok, where they boarded the steamship S. S. Goentoer, their final destination being San Francisco, California. Paquita and her sons arrived in San Francisco on the S. S. Goentoer on August 31, 1917. After living in San Francisco for a while, they moved to the New York City area.
The 1920 U. S. Federal Census shows Paquita and her son Misha (under the names "Paquita and Misha Deshishmareft") living in Mamaroneck, Westchester County, New York (about 8 miles northeast of Manhattan), while the same census shows Kyril (under the name "Keera De Shismareff") attending the Mount Tamalpais Military Academy in San Rafael (Marin County), California.
Paquita moved back to California about 1926. She was associated with fascist political circles during this period. Her wealth allowed her to financially support right-wing nationalists.
Paquita de Shishmareff became a famous right-wing, pro-Christian, pro-fascist, antisemitic activist, who is known primarily for her authorship of "Waters Flowing Eastward" (Paris: Editions R.I.S.S., 1931), which was published under her pen-name "L. Fry." R.I.S.S. is the acronym of "Revue Internationale des Societes Secretes," whose founder and main editor was Monsignor Ernest Jouin (December 21, 1844 - June 27, 1932). "Waters Flowing Eastward" was one of the most astute and penetrating books on the "Illuminati conspiracy" written up to that time.
Paquita met the famous automaker Henry Ford in or around 1920, and presented him with a copy of the infamous "Protocols of the Meetings of the Learned Elders of Zion" (see below for details on the "Protocols" and the Illuminati). She claimed that the "Protocols" were the master plan of a Jewish conspiracy according to which a group led by the "cultural Zionist" Asher Zvi Hirsch Ginzberg (1856-1927) plotted world domination. However, at the time, Ginzberg supported an international Jewish cultural and political revival, rather than a single Jewish state.
Antisemitic writer and Nazi ideologist Ernst Christian Einar Ludvig Detlev, Graf zu Reventlow (August 18, 1869 - November 21, 1943) named Paquita as his source for his own view that Ginzberg was the author of the "Protocols." After Philip Graves provided evidence in "The Times" of London that the "Protocols" were plagiarised from earlier books, Reventlow published his support for Paquita's views in the periodical "La Vieille France." Ginzberg's supporters sued Reventlow, who was forced to retract and pay damages.
Strongly opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal, Paquita argued that it represented "the transformation of the Constitutional form of American government into that of the Kahal, or Jewish form of government. It has been called the New Deal and the Jew Deal. Both are correct and synonymous."
Paquita was involved in various fascist organisations of the 1930s, and founded the nationalist and isolationist Christian Free Press. She joined forces with Henry Douglas Allen (February 21, 1879 - February 7, 1961) in a failed attempt to revitalize the Ku Klux Klan. However, she later accused Allen of misappropriating money from her.
In 1940 she fled to fascist Italy, but returned to the United States after the attack on Pearl Harbor. She was interned in Ellis Island and indicted for sedition, but charges were dropped and after the end of World War II she was released.
The primary goal of the secret society known as the Illuminati - or the Bavarian Order of the Illuminati, founded by Adam Weishaupt (1748-1830) on May 1, 1776 in Bavaria - is the destruction of all sovereign nations and organized religions, so that a dictatorial global government can be set up, to be run by the Illuminati (the extremely wealthy international banking and military-industrial corporate elites).
Many of Paquita's conclusions about the Illuminati agenda were based on evidence found in "The Protocols of the Meetings of the Learned Elders of Zion," a manuscript claiming to be a summary of the Illuminati (and primarily Jewish) masterplan for world domination. According to Paquita's version of the history of the "Protocols" - as related in her book "Waters Flowing Eastward" (1931) - in 1884 Jewish Freemason Joseph Schorst (alias of Theodore Joseph Schapiro) smuggled a copy of the manuscript of the "Protocols" (written in French) out of the archives of one of the Mizraim Masonic Lodges in Paris, and sold it for 2,500 francs to Justine Glinka (Iustinia Dmitrievna Glinka) (July 21, 1836 - 1916), who in turn passed it on to her contacts/relatives in the Okhrana (Tsarist Secret Police). Justine Glinka was a daughter of Russian diplomat Dmitry Grigoryevich Glinka (July 28, 1808 - May 14, 1883). The "Protocols" in its complete form was first published (in Russian) by Sergei A. Nilus (1862-1930) as the final chapter (Chapter 12) of a book whose title, translated into English, is "The Great Within the Small and Antichrist, an Imminent Political Possibility. Notes of an Orthodox Believer" (1905).
Paquita asserted that it is the Jewish faction of the Illuminati which is primarily to blame for both capitalism and communism (originally Bolshevism) - two seemingly opposing ideologies/economic systems. Paquita claims that capitalism and communism are both being secretly financed and manipulated from behind the scenes by Jewish international bankers - such as the Rothschilds, Warburgs, and Schiffs - who are allegedly among the leaders of the Illuminati. By financing and controlling both sides, the final desired outcome (a World Government under Jewish control) is assured.
Many writers on the Illuminati masterplan for world domination contend that the modus operandi of the Illuminati masterplan relies heavily on the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm of cultural/historical evolution," known popularly as the "problem-reaction-solution paradigm." The foundations of this paradigm lie with a group of German philosophers known as the "German idealists."
The basic outlines of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" gradually developed/emerged over a period of time (about 1781-1845) from the thought and writings of certain German idealist philosophers, specifically the philosophers Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), Karl Leonhard Reinhold (1757-1823), Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831), Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling (1775-1854), and Heinrich Moritz Chalybaeus (1796-1862).
The initial (as yet uncrystallized) form of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" - existing in the 1781-1845 time period - is usually referred to by historians of philosophy as the "Hegelian dialectic." However, strictly speaking, the term "Hegelian dialectic" should not be used as a synonym for the fully-developed paradigm, because at the time of Hegel's death (1831) the paradigm itself was still just a somewhat nebulous, ill-defined "philosophical composite" based on and derived from certain writings of ALL the aforementioned philosophers.
Additionally - and perhaps what is most to the point - Hegel's understanding of "dialectic" (and the actual use he made of "dialectic" in his writings), and the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" - in any of its fully-developed, finalized forms - certainly cannot be equated with each other.
Modern historians of philosophy usually credit German philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), rather than Hegel, with the origination and use of the famous phrase "thesis-antithesis-synthesis". However, although it is true that Fichte, in his "Grundlage der gesammten Wissenschaftslehre" (1794) (Foundation of the Entire Science of Knowledge), first discussed how certain epistemological aspects of his philosophy could be clarified by the application of the conceptual framework embodied in the terms "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis", upon close examination of his writings it appears that the now famous schema "thesis-antithesis-synthesis" - as a stand-alone, tripartite, hyphenated phrase - was never actually used by Fichte (at least not in his published writings) either. The work in which Fichte discussed in greatest detail what part the concepts "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis" play in his epistemology was his "Grundriss des Eigentuemlichen der Wissenschaftslehre in Ruecksicht auf das theoretische Vermoegen (1795) (Outline of the Distinctive Character of the Science of Knowledge with Respect to the Theoretical Faculty).
In the same year (1795), philosopher Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling (1775-1854) arranged the terms "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis" together - in a pyramidal form - on 2 separate charts in his work titled "Vom Ich als Prinzip der Philosophie oder ueber das Unbedingte im menschlichen Wissen" (1795) (On the Ego as Principle of Philosophy or the Unconditioned in Human Knowledge). The charts in the book where the terms "thesis, antithesis, synthesis" are displayed in pyramidal form are titled, respectively, "Table of All Forms" and "The Modality," and they are located between p. 163 and p. 166 in the latter part of the book.
The continually evolving "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm of cultural/historical evolution" was first put to what might be termed "practical use" in a systematic and comprehensive way by Karl Heinrich Marx (1818-1883). Marx referred to his own version/application of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm as the "materialist conception of history". The clearest and most succinct expositions of the "materialist conception of history" that Marx himself published are to be found in the Preface of his "Zur Kritik der politischen Oekonomie" (Berlin: Franz Duncker, 1859) (A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy), and in his "Das Kapital" (in volume 1).
"Dialectical materialism" (the philosophico-economic basis of Marxism/Leninism and of Russian Communism in general) was a term that Marx himself never used. It was socialist philosopher Joseph Dietzgen (Peter Josef Dietzgen) (1828-1888) who actually coined the term "dialectical materialism", and who developed the original form of the doctrine of "dialectical materialism" in some of his letters and writings from the 1870s - independently from (but in parallel with) the thought and efforts of Marx and Friedrich Engels.
Marx's "materialist conception of history" was based in large part on his exposure to (and reaction against) the idiosyncratic use of "dialectic" found in Hegel's "Phenomenology of Mind", "Logic", "Philosophy of History", and in various other parts of Hegel's philosophy. Marx studied Hegel's use of "dialectic" in detail - he read all of Hegel's works which had been published up to that time - while he was living in Stralau (a suburb of Berlin), where he lived for 3 months (May-July, 1837) for the purpose of convalescing from an illness. Also during this period, Marx was invited (through friends in Stralau) to become a member of the so-called "Doctors' Club", a group of Junghegelianer (Young Hegelians) who met regularly at the Cafe Stehely in Berlin. Marx was a part of this group, and a habitue of Cafe Stehely, from 1837-1841. The Young Hegelians emphasized the dialectical aspect of Hegel's philosophy - the theme of universal change and progress - but rejected the "conservative" aspect of Hegel's philosophy, which regarded the existing Prussian State as the perfect culmination of an on-going process of historical and cultural evolution.
During this same time period, the philosopher Heinrich Moritz Chalybaeus (1796-1862) published a work titled "Historische Entwickelung der speculativen Philosophie von Kant bis Hegel: zu naeherer Verstaendigung des Wissenschaftslichen Publicums mit der neuesten Schule dargestellt" (1837) (Historical Development of Speculative Philosophy from Kant to Hegel: To Bring the Educated Public to a Better Understanding, and with the Most Recent School Presented). In this work, among other things, Chalybaeus discussed and analyzed Hegel's use of dialectics, using (in part) in his exposition the Fichtean technical terminology of "thesis, antithesis, synthesis," even though Hegel himself had never couched his dialectical philosophy in those terms. The terminology Chalybaeus used in this work in his exposition of Hegel's philosophy led many of the readers of this work (the vast majority of whom had not read Hegel's works in the original, and who, also, had never made an independent, careful study of Hegel's actual teachings) to conclude - erroneously - that Hegel himself had made wide use of the Fichtean thesis-antithesis-synthesis terminology/conceptual framework in his philosophy, whereas in reality, in his works Hegel had made virtually no use of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis terminolgy. It was in this way that Chalybaeus' somewhat misleading exposition of the dialectical aspects of Hegel's philosophy very likely contributed to the long-standing myth that Hegel (instead of Fichte) was the originator and propagator of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis schema. Chalybaeus' book was widely read and discussed in German philosophical and literary circles (it was published in 5 German editions between 1837-1860), and its contents formed the basis of many discussions and debates conducted by members of the Doctors' Club. While he was convalescing in Stralau, reading this work by Chalybaeus (and discussing it extensively with other members of the Doctor's Club) is possibly what motivated Marx in 1837 to undertake his comprehensive private study of all the works of Hegel which had been published up to that time.
In the Illuminati adaptation of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm," capitalism is the thesis, communism is the antithesis, and a World Government (New World Order) is the synthesis or final desired outcome of the dialectical process. This overall dialectical process is also summarized in the Freemasonic motto "Ordo ab Chao" (Order Out of Chaos) - the motto of the 33rd Degree of Scottish Rite Freemasonry - where the Illuminati/Freemasonic conspirators allegedly create both the "chaos" (world wars and global economic collapse) and the "order" (New World Order) which resolves the chaos.
Paquita's major work, "Waters Flowing Eastward" (1931), attempted to prove that the "Protocols" were part of a plot to destroy Christianity and Christian civilization. She believed that the apparent conflict between Communism and Capitalism was a smoke-screen for Jewish domination, as outlined in the "Protocols."
She published an elaborate chart - the "Politico-Occult-Judaeo-Masonry Chart" (1940, by L. Fry) - which shows the interconnections between all the organizations which she claims were/are involved in the alleged Jewish/Masonic masterplan for world domination. These organizations include the Bavarian Order of the Illuminati and the League of Nations.
The chart which L. Fry (Paquita) published in 1940 was, in turn, basically just a highly abridged summary of a work titled "Occult Theocrasy" (2 vols.) (Abbeville, France: F. Paillart, 1931-1933), which she co-authored with her good friend Lady Queenborough (Edith Starr Miller) (July 16, 1887 - January 16, 1933). Edith and Paquita reportedly spent about 10 years (1922-1931) doing research for this work. "Waters Flowing Eastward" and "Occult Theocrasy" are both now widely regarded as conspiracy classics.
An obituary of Paquita de Shishmareff was published in "The San Bernardino County Sun" newspaper (issue of Wednesday, July 22, 1970, page 32) as follows:
"Mrs. Paquita de Shishmareff, 88, Fullerton, died July 15 in a Fullerton hospital. She was born in France and was a 30-year resident of California. She was an authoress and founder of the California League of Christian Parents. Survivors include two sons, Dr. Michael Fry and Mr. Kyril Rohan-Chandor, both of New York. Memorial services will be held at 11 a.m. tomorrow at Bible Presbyterian Church, San Bernardino, with cremation following in Mt. View Cemetery. Grove Colonial Mortuary, San Bernardino, is in charge."
Paquita de Shishmareff (or Paquita Louise de Shishmareff) was the married name of Louise A. Chandor. Her husband was Feodor Ivanovich Shishmarev (born 1876), a captain (later colonel) in the Czarist Russian Imperial Army. It is believed that Feodor was murdered by Bolsheviks in 1917 during the Russian Revolution. The Russian spelling of Feodor's name (without the diacritical marks) is: Fedor Ivanovic Sismarev.
When signing her name to her published books and published articles, Paquita usually used one of the following pen-names: "L. Fry," "Leslie Fry," or "Louise Fry." Paquita's mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Red (1837-1929). Elizabeth was a daughter of James Red (July 22, 1814 - November 17, 1857) and Etna (Edna) Fry (1817-1837). Etna died not long after Elizabeth was born, and Elizabeth was raised by members of her mother's family. When Elizabeth was somewhere between 5-10 years old she was adopted in Illinois by Etna's brother John Douglas Fry (July 1, 1819 - February 3, 1901), who later became a famous San Francisco banking, mining, and real estate magnate. Elizabeth started using "Fry" (instead of "Red") as her surname after being adopted by J. D. Fry in the 1840s.
Paquita's married name is spelled in different ways in various records. For example, in the SSDI (Social Security Death Index) (which can be searched online, for free, at the genealogybank.com website) she is listed as "Paquita Deshishmaref." In the "California Death Index, 1940-1997" (which can be searched online, for free, at the "rootsweb" part of the ancestry.com website), she is listed as "Paquita Deshishmare." In the 1920 U. S. Federal Census (where she is listed as residing in Mamaroneck, Westchester County, New York) her name is spelled "Paquita Deshishmareft." She sometimes spelled her surname as "De Shishmareff" (which often leads researchers to spell her surname as "Deshishmareff"), and in private correspondence she sometimes signed her name as "P. A. Shishmareva" or "Paquita A. Shishmareva." Some authors report that she was called "Mady" de Shishmareff by her close friends.
Previous to the birth of her daughter Louise in Paris in 1882, Elizabeth (Red) Fry had married William Chapman Ralston (1826-1875) on May 20, 1858 in San Francisco. Ralston became a San Francisco banking and real estate magnate, known as "the man who built San Francisco." However, Elizabeth and William's marriage was not a happy one, and it finally ended in disaster on August 27, 1875, when William drowned while swimming in San Francisco Bay. After the initial, partial settlement of her husband's estate, in December 1875 Elizabeth embarked on a steamer to Europe, intending to settle in Paris with her children. It is reported that Elizabeth first met John Arthur Chandor on this steamer, and that he soon joined her in Paris, even though he had recently married Adeline Augusta Dickinson (1850-1947) on April 1, 1874 in New York City.
Paquita's maiden name was Louise A. Chandor. She was born in Paris on Feb. 16, 1882, the daughter of John Arthur Chandor (1850-1909) and Elizabeth "Lizzie" (Red) Fry Ralston (1837-1929). It is not known at this time if John and Elizabeth were married at the time of Louise's birth, or if Louise was born out of wedlock. The records of the "Etat Civil" of Paris have been searched, and, to date, no record of Louise's birth has been found therein. Louise's middle name may have been "Arabella". Her father John Arthur Chandor had an older sister named Arabella Chandor (1848 - October 21, 1906), and he may have given Louise the middle name "Arabella" in honor of his sister. The names "Louise" and "Arabella" were popular names for women in this branch of the Chandor family. Guy Richards (May 18, 1905 - January 3, 1979) in his book "The Hunt for the Czar" (1970) stated incorrectly, on page 204, that Louise's father's name was John Alfred Chandor (should be instead: "John Arthur Chandor"), and that Louise's parents gave her the middle name "Alfredovna" - presumably in honor of her father's middle name "Alfred". However, since both of Louise's parents were born in America (not Russia), and Louise was born in Paris, France, it seems unlikely that her parents would have given her the Russian middle name "Alfredovna". Since Guy Richards got the middle name of Louise's father wrong, he may have gotten Louise's middle name wrong also.
Louise married an officer in the Russian Imperial Army named Feodor Ivanovich Shishmarev (born 1876) in 1906 in St. Petersburg. Paquita usually wrote her married surname as "De Shishmareff," which is an Americanized form of the Russian surname Sismarev (Shishmarev). The Shishmarev family had been members of the Russian nobility for centuries. It is believed (but not certain) that Feodor was murdered in 1917 by Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution, but before his murder he had the foresight to send his wife (who was now using her married name 'Paquita Louise de Shishmareff') with their two sons (Kyril and Misha), and the family fortune, out of the country to safety. Sometime in early 1917 Paquita and her sons moved from the Shishmarev estate in Tsarskoye Selo (now known as the town of Pushkin) to Tiflis, where they lived, briefly, under the protection of the American Consulate there. In the mid-summer of 1917, Paquita and her sons left Tiflis and traveled to the eastern Russian port city Vladivostok, where they boarded the steamship S. S. Goentoer, their final destination being San Francisco, California. Paquita and her sons arrived in San Francisco on the S. S. Goentoer on August 31, 1917. After living in San Francisco for a while, they moved to the New York City area.
The 1920 U. S. Federal Census shows Paquita and her son Misha (under the names "Paquita and Misha Deshishmareft") living in Mamaroneck, Westchester County, New York (about 8 miles northeast of Manhattan), while the same census shows Kyril (under the name "Keera De Shismareff") attending the Mount Tamalpais Military Academy in San Rafael (Marin County), California.
Paquita moved back to California about 1926. She was associated with fascist political circles during this period. Her wealth allowed her to financially support right-wing nationalists.
Paquita de Shishmareff became a famous right-wing, pro-Christian, pro-fascist, antisemitic activist, who is known primarily for her authorship of "Waters Flowing Eastward" (Paris: Editions R.I.S.S., 1931), which was published under her pen-name "L. Fry." R.I.S.S. is the acronym of "Revue Internationale des Societes Secretes," whose founder and main editor was Monsignor Ernest Jouin (December 21, 1844 - June 27, 1932). "Waters Flowing Eastward" was one of the most astute and penetrating books on the "Illuminati conspiracy" written up to that time.
Paquita met the famous automaker Henry Ford in or around 1920, and presented him with a copy of the infamous "Protocols of the Meetings of the Learned Elders of Zion" (see below for details on the "Protocols" and the Illuminati). She claimed that the "Protocols" were the master plan of a Jewish conspiracy according to which a group led by the "cultural Zionist" Asher Zvi Hirsch Ginzberg (1856-1927) plotted world domination. However, at the time, Ginzberg supported an international Jewish cultural and political revival, rather than a single Jewish state.
Antisemitic writer and Nazi ideologist Ernst Christian Einar Ludvig Detlev, Graf zu Reventlow (August 18, 1869 - November 21, 1943) named Paquita as his source for his own view that Ginzberg was the author of the "Protocols." After Philip Graves provided evidence in "The Times" of London that the "Protocols" were plagiarised from earlier books, Reventlow published his support for Paquita's views in the periodical "La Vieille France." Ginzberg's supporters sued Reventlow, who was forced to retract and pay damages.
Strongly opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal, Paquita argued that it represented "the transformation of the Constitutional form of American government into that of the Kahal, or Jewish form of government. It has been called the New Deal and the Jew Deal. Both are correct and synonymous."
Paquita was involved in various fascist organisations of the 1930s, and founded the nationalist and isolationist Christian Free Press. She joined forces with Henry Douglas Allen (February 21, 1879 - February 7, 1961) in a failed attempt to revitalize the Ku Klux Klan. However, she later accused Allen of misappropriating money from her.
In 1940 she fled to fascist Italy, but returned to the United States after the attack on Pearl Harbor. She was interned in Ellis Island and indicted for sedition, but charges were dropped and after the end of World War II she was released.
The primary goal of the secret society known as the Illuminati - or the Bavarian Order of the Illuminati, founded by Adam Weishaupt (1748-1830) on May 1, 1776 in Bavaria - is the destruction of all sovereign nations and organized religions, so that a dictatorial global government can be set up, to be run by the Illuminati (the extremely wealthy international banking and military-industrial corporate elites).
Many of Paquita's conclusions about the Illuminati agenda were based on evidence found in "The Protocols of the Meetings of the Learned Elders of Zion," a manuscript claiming to be a summary of the Illuminati (and primarily Jewish) masterplan for world domination. According to Paquita's version of the history of the "Protocols" - as related in her book "Waters Flowing Eastward" (1931) - in 1884 Jewish Freemason Joseph Schorst (alias of Theodore Joseph Schapiro) smuggled a copy of the manuscript of the "Protocols" (written in French) out of the archives of one of the Mizraim Masonic Lodges in Paris, and sold it for 2,500 francs to Justine Glinka (Iustinia Dmitrievna Glinka) (July 21, 1836 - 1916), who in turn passed it on to her contacts/relatives in the Okhrana (Tsarist Secret Police). Justine Glinka was a daughter of Russian diplomat Dmitry Grigoryevich Glinka (July 28, 1808 - May 14, 1883). The "Protocols" in its complete form was first published (in Russian) by Sergei A. Nilus (1862-1930) as the final chapter (Chapter 12) of a book whose title, translated into English, is "The Great Within the Small and Antichrist, an Imminent Political Possibility. Notes of an Orthodox Believer" (1905).
Paquita asserted that it is the Jewish faction of the Illuminati which is primarily to blame for both capitalism and communism (originally Bolshevism) - two seemingly opposing ideologies/economic systems. Paquita claims that capitalism and communism are both being secretly financed and manipulated from behind the scenes by Jewish international bankers - such as the Rothschilds, Warburgs, and Schiffs - who are allegedly among the leaders of the Illuminati. By financing and controlling both sides, the final desired outcome (a World Government under Jewish control) is assured.
Many writers on the Illuminati masterplan for world domination contend that the modus operandi of the Illuminati masterplan relies heavily on the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm of cultural/historical evolution," known popularly as the "problem-reaction-solution paradigm." The foundations of this paradigm lie with a group of German philosophers known as the "German idealists."
The basic outlines of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" gradually developed/emerged over a period of time (about 1781-1845) from the thought and writings of certain German idealist philosophers, specifically the philosophers Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), Karl Leonhard Reinhold (1757-1823), Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831), Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling (1775-1854), and Heinrich Moritz Chalybaeus (1796-1862).
The initial (as yet uncrystallized) form of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" - existing in the 1781-1845 time period - is usually referred to by historians of philosophy as the "Hegelian dialectic." However, strictly speaking, the term "Hegelian dialectic" should not be used as a synonym for the fully-developed paradigm, because at the time of Hegel's death (1831) the paradigm itself was still just a somewhat nebulous, ill-defined "philosophical composite" based on and derived from certain writings of ALL the aforementioned philosophers.
Additionally - and perhaps what is most to the point - Hegel's understanding of "dialectic" (and the actual use he made of "dialectic" in his writings), and the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" - in any of its fully-developed, finalized forms - certainly cannot be equated with each other.
Modern historians of philosophy usually credit German philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), rather than Hegel, with the origination and use of the famous phrase "thesis-antithesis-synthesis". However, although it is true that Fichte, in his "Grundlage der gesammten Wissenschaftslehre" (1794) (Foundation of the Entire Science of Knowledge), first discussed how certain epistemological aspects of his philosophy could be clarified by the application of the conceptual framework embodied in the terms "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis", upon close examination of his writings it appears that the now famous schema "thesis-antithesis-synthesis" - as a stand-alone, tripartite, hyphenated phrase - was never actually used by Fichte (at least not in his published writings) either. The work in which Fichte discussed in greatest detail what part the concepts "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis" play in his epistemology was his "Grundriss des Eigentuemlichen der Wissenschaftslehre in Ruecksicht auf das theoretische Vermoegen (1795) (Outline of the Distinctive Character of the Science of Knowledge with Respect to the Theoretical Faculty).
In the same year (1795), philosopher Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling (1775-1854) arranged the terms "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis" together - in a pyramidal form - on 2 separate charts in his work titled "Vom Ich als Prinzip der Philosophie oder ueber das Unbedingte im menschlichen Wissen" (1795) (On the Ego as Principle of Philosophy or the Unconditioned in Human Knowledge). The charts in the book where the terms "thesis, antithesis, synthesis" are displayed in pyramidal form are titled, respectively, "Table of All Forms" and "The Modality," and they are located between p. 163 and p. 166 in the latter part of the book.
The continually evolving "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm of cultural/historical evolution" was first put to what might be termed "practical use" in a systematic and comprehensive way by Karl Heinrich Marx (1818-1883). Marx referred to his own version/application of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm as the "materialist conception of history". The clearest and most succinct expositions of the "materialist conception of history" that Marx himself published are to be found in the Preface of his "Zur Kritik der politischen Oekonomie" (Berlin: Franz Duncker, 1859) (A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy), and in his "Das Kapital" (in volume 1).
"Dialectical materialism" (the philosophico-economic basis of Marxism/Leninism and of Russian Communism in general) was a term that Marx himself never used. It was socialist philosopher Joseph Dietzgen (Peter Josef Dietzgen) (1828-1888) who actually coined the term "dialectical materialism", and who developed the original form of the doctrine of "dialectical materialism" in some of his letters and writings from the 1870s - independently from (but in parallel with) the thought and efforts of Marx and Friedrich Engels.
Marx's "materialist conception of history" was based in large part on his exposure to (and reaction against) the idiosyncratic use of "dialectic" found in Hegel's "Phenomenology of Mind", "Logic", "Philosophy of History", and in various other parts of Hegel's philosophy. Marx studied Hegel's use of "dialectic" in detail - he read all of Hegel's works which had been published up to that time - while he was living in Stralau (a suburb of Berlin), where he lived for 3 months (May-July, 1837) for the purpose of convalescing from an illness. Also during this period, Marx was invited (through friends in Stralau) to become a member of the so-called "Doctors' Club", a group of Junghegelianer (Young Hegelians) who met regularly at the Cafe Stehely in Berlin. Marx was a part of this group, and a habitue of Cafe Stehely, from 1837-1841. The Young Hegelians emphasized the dialectical aspect of Hegel's philosophy - the theme of universal change and progress - but rejected the "conservative" aspect of Hegel's philosophy, which regarded the existing Prussian State as the perfect culmination of an on-going process of historical and cultural evolution.
During this same time period, the philosopher Heinrich Moritz Chalybaeus (1796-1862) published a work titled "Historische Entwickelung der speculativen Philosophie von Kant bis Hegel: zu naeherer Verstaendigung des Wissenschaftslichen Publicums mit der neuesten Schule dargestellt" (1837) (Historical Development of Speculative Philosophy from Kant to Hegel: To Bring the Educated Public to a Better Understanding, and with the Most Recent School Presented). In this work, among other things, Chalybaeus discussed and analyzed Hegel's use of dialectics, using (in part) in his exposition the Fichtean technical terminology of "thesis, antithesis, synthesis," even though Hegel himself had never couched his dialectical philosophy in those terms. The terminology Chalybaeus used in this work in his exposition of Hegel's philosophy led many of the readers of this work (the vast majority of whom had not read Hegel's works in the original, and who, also, had never made an independent, careful study of Hegel's actual teachings) to conclude - erroneously - that Hegel himself had made wide use of the Fichtean thesis-antithesis-synthesis terminology/conceptual framework in his philosophy, whereas in reality, in his works Hegel had made virtually no use of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis terminolgy. It was in this way that Chalybaeus' somewhat misleading exposition of the dialectical aspects of Hegel's philosophy very likely contributed to the long-standing myth that Hegel (instead of Fichte) was the originator and propagator of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis schema. Chalybaeus' book was widely read and discussed in German philosophical and literary circles (it was published in 5 German editions between 1837-1860), and its contents formed the basis of many discussions and debates conducted by members of the Doctors' Club. While he was convalescing in Stralau, reading this work by Chalybaeus (and discussing it extensively with other members of the Doctor's Club) is possibly what motivated Marx in 1837 to undertake his comprehensive private study of all the works of Hegel which had been published up to that time.
In the Illuminati adaptation of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm," capitalism is the thesis, communism is the antithesis, and a World Government (New World Order) is the synthesis or final desired outcome of the dialectical process. This overall dialectical process is also summarized in the Freemasonic motto "Ordo ab Chao" (Order Out of Chaos) - the motto of the 33rd Degree of Scottish Rite Freemasonry - where the Illuminati/Freemasonic conspirators allegedly create both the "chaos" (world wars and global economic collapse) and the "order" (New World Order) which resolves the chaos.
Paquita's major work, "Waters Flowing Eastward" (1931), attempted to prove that the "Protocols" were part of a plot to destroy Christianity and Christian civilization. She believed that the apparent conflict between Communism and Capitalism was a smoke-screen for Jewish domination, as outlined in the "Protocols."
She published an elaborate chart - the "Politico-Occult-Judaeo-Masonry Chart" (1940, by L. Fry) - which shows the interconnections between all the organizations which she claims were/are involved in the alleged Jewish/Masonic masterplan for world domination. These organizations include the Bavarian Order of the Illuminati and the League of Nations.
The chart which L. Fry (Paquita) published in 1940 was, in turn, basically just a highly abridged summary of a work titled "Occult Theocrasy" (2 vols.) (Abbeville, France: F. Paillart, 1931-1933), which she co-authored with her good friend Lady Queenborough (Edith Starr Miller) (July 16, 1887 - January 16, 1933). Edith and Paquita reportedly spent about 10 years (1922-1931) doing research for this work. "Waters Flowing Eastward" and "Occult Theocrasy" are both now widely regarded as conspiracy classics.
An obituary of Paquita de Shishmareff was published in "The San Bernardino County Sun" newspaper (issue of Wednesday, July 22, 1970, page 32) as follows:
"Mrs. Paquita de Shishmareff, 88, Fullerton, died July 15 in a Fullerton hospital. She was born in France and was a 30-year resident of California. She was an authoress and founder of the California League of Christian Parents. Survivors include two sons, Dr. Michael Fry and Mr. Kyril Rohan-Chandor, both of New York. Memorial services will be held at 11 a.m. tomorrow at Bible Presbyterian Church, San Bernardino, with cremation following in Mt. View Cemetery. Grove Colonial Mortuary, San Bernardino, is in charge."
When signing her name to her published books and published articles, Paquita usually used one of the following pen-names: "L. Fry," "Leslie Fry," or "Louise Fry." Paquita's mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Red (1837-1929). Elizabeth was a daughter of James Red (July 22, 1814 - November 17, 1857) and Etna (Edna) Fry (1817-1837). Etna died not long after Elizabeth was born, and Elizabeth was raised by members of her mother's family. When Elizabeth was somewhere between 5-10 years old she was adopted in Illinois by Etna's brother John Douglas Fry (July 1, 1819 - February 3, 1901), who later became a famous San Francisco banking, mining, and real estate magnate. Elizabeth started using "Fry" (instead of "Red") as her surname after being adopted by J. D. Fry in the 1840s.
Paquita's married name is spelled in different ways in various records. For example, in the SSDI (Social Security Death Index) (which can be searched online, for free, at the genealogybank.com website) she is listed as "Paquita Deshishmaref." In the "California Death Index, 1940-1997" (which can be searched online, for free, at the "rootsweb" part of the ancestry.com website), she is listed as "Paquita Deshishmare." In the 1920 U. S. Federal Census (where she is listed as residing in Mamaroneck, Westchester County, New York) her name is spelled "Paquita Deshishmareft." She sometimes spelled her surname as "De Shishmareff" (which often leads researchers to spell her surname as "Deshishmareff"), and in private correspondence she sometimes signed her name as "P. A. Shishmareva" or "Paquita A. Shishmareva." Some authors report that she was called "Mady" de Shishmareff by her close friends.
Previous to the birth of her daughter Louise in Paris in 1882, Elizabeth (Red) Fry had married William Chapman Ralston (1826-1875) on May 20, 1858 in San Francisco. Ralston became a San Francisco banking and real estate magnate, known as "the man who built San Francisco." However, Elizabeth and William's marriage was not a happy one, and it finally ended in disaster on August 27, 1875, when William drowned while swimming in San Francisco Bay. After the initial, partial settlement of her husband's estate, in December 1875 Elizabeth embarked on a steamer to Europe, intending to settle in Paris with her children. It is reported that Elizabeth first met John Arthur Chandor on this steamer, and that he soon joined her in Paris, even though he had recently married Adeline Augusta Dickinson (1850-1947) on April 1, 1874 in New York City.
Paquita's maiden name was Louise A. Chandor. She was born in Paris on Feb. 16, 1882, the daughter of John Arthur Chandor (1850-1909) and Elizabeth "Lizzie" (Red) Fry Ralston (1837-1929). It is not known at this time if John and Elizabeth were married at the time of Louise's birth, or if Louise was born out of wedlock. The records of the "Etat Civil" of Paris have been searched, and, to date, no record of Louise's birth has been found therein. Louise's middle name may have been "Arabella". Her father John Arthur Chandor had an older sister named Arabella Chandor (1848 - October 21, 1906), and he may have given Louise the middle name "Arabella" in honor of his sister. The names "Louise" and "Arabella" were popular names for women in this branch of the Chandor family. Guy Richards (May 18, 1905 - January 3, 1979) in his book "The Hunt for the Czar" (1970) stated incorrectly, on page 204, that Louise's father's name was John Alfred Chandor (should be instead: "John Arthur Chandor"), and that Louise's parents gave her the middle name "Alfredovna" - presumably in honor of her father's middle name "Alfred". However, since both of Louise's parents were born in America (not Russia), and Louise was born in Paris, France, it seems unlikely that her parents would have given her the Russian middle name "Alfredovna". Since Guy Richards got the middle name of Louise's father wrong, he may have gotten Louise's middle name wrong also.
Louise married an officer in the Russian Imperial Army named Feodor Ivanovich Shishmarev (born 1876) in 1906 in St. Petersburg. Paquita usually wrote her married surname as "De Shishmareff," which is an Americanized form of the Russian surname Sismarev (Shishmarev). The Shishmarev family had been members of the Russian nobility for centuries. It is believed (but not certain) that Feodor was murdered in 1917 by Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution, but before his murder he had the foresight to send his wife (who was now using her married name 'Paquita Louise de Shishmareff') with their two sons (Kyril and Misha), and the family fortune, out of the country to safety. Sometime in early 1917 Paquita and her sons moved from the Shishmarev estate in Tsarskoye Selo (now known as the town of Pushkin) to Tiflis, where they lived, briefly, under the protection of the American Consulate there. In the mid-summer of 1917, Paquita and her sons left Tiflis and traveled to the eastern Russian port city Vladivostok, where they boarded the steamship S. S. Goentoer, their final destination being San Francisco, California. Paquita and her sons arrived in San Francisco on the S. S. Goentoer on August 31, 1917. After living in San Francisco for a while, they moved to the New York City area.
The 1920 U. S. Federal Census shows Paquita and her son Misha (under the names "Paquita and Misha Deshishmareft") living in Mamaroneck, Westchester County, New York (about 8 miles northeast of Manhattan), while the same census shows Kyril (under the name "Keera De Shismareff") attending the Mount Tamalpais Military Academy in San Rafael (Marin County), California.
Paquita moved back to California about 1926. She was associated with fascist political circles during this period. Her wealth allowed her to financially support right-wing nationalists.
Paquita de Shishmareff became a famous right-wing, pro-Christian, pro-fascist, antisemitic activist, who is known primarily for her authorship of "Waters Flowing Eastward" (Paris: Editions R.I.S.S., 1931), which was published under her pen-name "L. Fry." R.I.S.S. is the acronym of "Revue Internationale des Societes Secretes," whose founder and main editor was Monsignor Ernest Jouin (December 21, 1844 - June 27, 1932). "Waters Flowing Eastward" was one of the most astute and penetrating books on the "Illuminati conspiracy" written up to that time.
Paquita met the famous automaker Henry Ford in or around 1920, and presented him with a copy of the infamous "Protocols of the Meetings of the Learned Elders of Zion" (see below for details on the "Protocols" and the Illuminati). She claimed that the "Protocols" were the master plan of a Jewish conspiracy according to which a group led by the "cultural Zionist" Asher Zvi Hirsch Ginzberg (1856-1927) plotted world domination. However, at the time, Ginzberg supported an international Jewish cultural and political revival, rather than a single Jewish state.
Antisemitic writer and Nazi ideologist Ernst Christian Einar Ludvig Detlev, Graf zu Reventlow (August 18, 1869 - November 21, 1943) named Paquita as his source for his own view that Ginzberg was the author of the "Protocols." After Philip Graves provided evidence in "The Times" of London that the "Protocols" were plagiarised from earlier books, Reventlow published his support for Paquita's views in the periodical "La Vieille France." Ginzberg's supporters sued Reventlow, who was forced to retract and pay damages.
Strongly opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal, Paquita argued that it represented "the transformation of the Constitutional form of American government into that of the Kahal, or Jewish form of government. It has been called the New Deal and the Jew Deal. Both are correct and synonymous."
Paquita was involved in various fascist organisations of the 1930s, and founded the nationalist and isolationist Christian Free Press. She joined forces with Henry Douglas Allen (February 21, 1879 - February 7, 1961) in a failed attempt to revitalize the Ku Klux Klan. However, she later accused Allen of misappropriating money from her.
In 1940 she fled to fascist Italy, but returned to the United States after the attack on Pearl Harbor. She was interned in Ellis Island and indicted for sedition, but charges were dropped and after the end of World War II she was released.
The primary goal of the secret society known as the Illuminati - or the Bavarian Order of the Illuminati, founded by Adam Weishaupt (1748-1830) on May 1, 1776 in Bavaria - is the destruction of all sovereign nations and organized religions, so that a dictatorial global government can be set up, to be run by the Illuminati (the extremely wealthy international banking and military-industrial corporate elites).
Many of Paquita's conclusions about the Illuminati agenda were based on evidence found in "The Protocols of the Meetings of the Learned Elders of Zion," a manuscript claiming to be a summary of the Illuminati (and primarily Jewish) masterplan for world domination. According to Paquita's version of the history of the "Protocols" - as related in her book "Waters Flowing Eastward" (1931) - in 1884 Jewish Freemason Joseph Schorst (alias of Theodore Joseph Schapiro) smuggled a copy of the manuscript of the "Protocols" (written in French) out of the archives of one of the Mizraim Masonic Lodges in Paris, and sold it for 2,500 francs to Justine Glinka (Iustinia Dmitrievna Glinka) (July 21, 1836 - 1916), who in turn passed it on to her contacts/relatives in the Okhrana (Tsarist Secret Police). Justine Glinka was a daughter of Russian diplomat Dmitry Grigoryevich Glinka (July 28, 1808 - May 14, 1883). The "Protocols" in its complete form was first published (in Russian) by Sergei A. Nilus (1862-1930) as the final chapter (Chapter 12) of a book whose title, translated into English, is "The Great Within the Small and Antichrist, an Imminent Political Possibility. Notes of an Orthodox Believer" (1905).
Paquita asserted that it is the Jewish faction of the Illuminati which is primarily to blame for both capitalism and communism (originally Bolshevism) - two seemingly opposing ideologies/economic systems. Paquita claims that capitalism and communism are both being secretly financed and manipulated from behind the scenes by Jewish international bankers - such as the Rothschilds, Warburgs, and Schiffs - who are allegedly among the leaders of the Illuminati. By financing and controlling both sides, the final desired outcome (a World Government under Jewish control) is assured.
Many writers on the Illuminati masterplan for world domination contend that the modus operandi of the Illuminati masterplan relies heavily on the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm of cultural/historical evolution," known popularly as the "problem-reaction-solution paradigm." The foundations of this paradigm lie with a group of German philosophers known as the "German idealists."
The basic outlines of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" gradually developed/emerged over a period of time (about 1781-1845) from the thought and writings of certain German idealist philosophers, specifically the philosophers Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), Karl Leonhard Reinhold (1757-1823), Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831), Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling (1775-1854), and Heinrich Moritz Chalybaeus (1796-1862).
The initial (as yet uncrystallized) form of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" - existing in the 1781-1845 time period - is usually referred to by historians of philosophy as the "Hegelian dialectic." However, strictly speaking, the term "Hegelian dialectic" should not be used as a synonym for the fully-developed paradigm, because at the time of Hegel's death (1831) the paradigm itself was still just a somewhat nebulous, ill-defined "philosophical composite" based on and derived from certain writings of ALL the aforementioned philosophers.
Additionally - and perhaps what is most to the point - Hegel's understanding of "dialectic" (and the actual use he made of "dialectic" in his writings), and the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm" - in any of its fully-developed, finalized forms - certainly cannot be equated with each other.
Modern historians of philosophy usually credit German philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), rather than Hegel, with the origination and use of the famous phrase "thesis-antithesis-synthesis". However, although it is true that Fichte, in his "Grundlage der gesammten Wissenschaftslehre" (1794) (Foundation of the Entire Science of Knowledge), first discussed how certain epistemological aspects of his philosophy could be clarified by the application of the conceptual framework embodied in the terms "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis", upon close examination of his writings it appears that the now famous schema "thesis-antithesis-synthesis" - as a stand-alone, tripartite, hyphenated phrase - was never actually used by Fichte (at least not in his published writings) either. The work in which Fichte discussed in greatest detail what part the concepts "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis" play in his epistemology was his "Grundriss des Eigentuemlichen der Wissenschaftslehre in Ruecksicht auf das theoretische Vermoegen (1795) (Outline of the Distinctive Character of the Science of Knowledge with Respect to the Theoretical Faculty).
In the same year (1795), philosopher Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling (1775-1854) arranged the terms "thesis," "antithesis," and "synthesis" together - in a pyramidal form - on 2 separate charts in his work titled "Vom Ich als Prinzip der Philosophie oder ueber das Unbedingte im menschlichen Wissen" (1795) (On the Ego as Principle of Philosophy or the Unconditioned in Human Knowledge). The charts in the book where the terms "thesis, antithesis, synthesis" are displayed in pyramidal form are titled, respectively, "Table of All Forms" and "The Modality," and they are located between p. 163 and p. 166 in the latter part of the book.
The continually evolving "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm of cultural/historical evolution" was first put to what might be termed "practical use" in a systematic and comprehensive way by Karl Heinrich Marx (1818-1883). Marx referred to his own version/application of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm as the "materialist conception of history". The clearest and most succinct expositions of the "materialist conception of history" that Marx himself published are to be found in the Preface of his "Zur Kritik der politischen Oekonomie" (Berlin: Franz Duncker, 1859) (A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy), and in his "Das Kapital" (in volume 1).
"Dialectical materialism" (the philosophico-economic basis of Marxism/Leninism and of Russian Communism in general) was a term that Marx himself never used. It was socialist philosopher Joseph Dietzgen (Peter Josef Dietzgen) (1828-1888) who actually coined the term "dialectical materialism", and who developed the original form of the doctrine of "dialectical materialism" in some of his letters and writings from the 1870s - independently from (but in parallel with) the thought and efforts of Marx and Friedrich Engels.
Marx's "materialist conception of history" was based in large part on his exposure to (and reaction against) the idiosyncratic use of "dialectic" found in Hegel's "Phenomenology of Mind", "Logic", "Philosophy of History", and in various other parts of Hegel's philosophy. Marx studied Hegel's use of "dialectic" in detail - he read all of Hegel's works which had been published up to that time - while he was living in Stralau (a suburb of Berlin), where he lived for 3 months (May-July, 1837) for the purpose of convalescing from an illness. Also during this period, Marx was invited (through friends in Stralau) to become a member of the so-called "Doctors' Club", a group of Junghegelianer (Young Hegelians) who met regularly at the Cafe Stehely in Berlin. Marx was a part of this group, and a habitue of Cafe Stehely, from 1837-1841. The Young Hegelians emphasized the dialectical aspect of Hegel's philosophy - the theme of universal change and progress - but rejected the "conservative" aspect of Hegel's philosophy, which regarded the existing Prussian State as the perfect culmination of an on-going process of historical and cultural evolution.
During this same time period, the philosopher Heinrich Moritz Chalybaeus (1796-1862) published a work titled "Historische Entwickelung der speculativen Philosophie von Kant bis Hegel: zu naeherer Verstaendigung des Wissenschaftslichen Publicums mit der neuesten Schule dargestellt" (1837) (Historical Development of Speculative Philosophy from Kant to Hegel: To Bring the Educated Public to a Better Understanding, and with the Most Recent School Presented). In this work, among other things, Chalybaeus discussed and analyzed Hegel's use of dialectics, using (in part) in his exposition the Fichtean technical terminology of "thesis, antithesis, synthesis," even though Hegel himself had never couched his dialectical philosophy in those terms. The terminology Chalybaeus used in this work in his exposition of Hegel's philosophy led many of the readers of this work (the vast majority of whom had not read Hegel's works in the original, and who, also, had never made an independent, careful study of Hegel's actual teachings) to conclude - erroneously - that Hegel himself had made wide use of the Fichtean thesis-antithesis-synthesis terminology/conceptual framework in his philosophy, whereas in reality, in his works Hegel had made virtually no use of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis terminolgy. It was in this way that Chalybaeus' somewhat misleading exposition of the dialectical aspects of Hegel's philosophy very likely contributed to the long-standing myth that Hegel (instead of Fichte) was the originator and propagator of the thesis-antithesis-synthesis schema. Chalybaeus' book was widely read and discussed in German philosophical and literary circles (it was published in 5 German editions between 1837-1860), and its contents formed the basis of many discussions and debates conducted by members of the Doctors' Club. While he was convalescing in Stralau, reading this work by Chalybaeus (and discussing it extensively with other members of the Doctor's Club) is possibly what motivated Marx in 1837 to undertake his comprehensive private study of all the works of Hegel which had been published up to that time.
In the Illuminati adaptation of the "thesis-antithesis-synthesis paradigm," capitalism is the thesis, communism is the antithesis, and a World Government (New World Order) is the synthesis or final desired outcome of the dialectical process. This overall dialectical process is also summarized in the Freemasonic motto "Ordo ab Chao" (Order Out of Chaos) - the motto of the 33rd Degree of Scottish Rite Freemasonry - where the Illuminati/Freemasonic conspirators allegedly create both the "chaos" (world wars and global economic collapse) and the "order" (New World Order) which resolves the chaos.
Paquita's major work, "Waters Flowing Eastward" (1931), attempted to prove that the "Protocols" were part of a plot to destroy Christianity and Christian civilization. She believed that the apparent conflict between Communism and Capitalism was a smoke-screen for Jewish domination, as outlined in the "Protocols."
She published an elaborate chart - the "Politico-Occult-Judaeo-Masonry Chart" (1940, by L. Fry) - which shows the interconnections between all the organizations which she claims were/are involved in the alleged Jewish/Masonic masterplan for world domination. These organizations include the Bavarian Order of the Illuminati and the League of Nations.
The chart which L. Fry (Paquita) published in 1940 was, in turn, basically just a highly abridged summary of a work titled "Occult Theocrasy" (2 vols.) (Abbeville, France: F. Paillart, 1931-1933), which she co-authored with her good friend Lady Queenborough (Edith Starr Miller) (July 16, 1887 - January 16, 1933). Edith and Paquita reportedly spent about 10 years (1922-1931) doing research for this work. "Waters Flowing Eastward" and "Occult Theocrasy" are both now widely regarded as conspiracy classics.
An obituary of Paquita de Shishmareff was published in "The San Bernardino County Sun" newspaper (issue of Wednesday, July 22, 1970, page 32) as follows:
"Mrs. Paquita de Shishmareff, 88, Fullerton, died July 15 in a Fullerton hospital. She was born in France and was a 30-year resident of California. She was an authoress and founder of the California League of Christian Parents. Survivors include two sons, Dr. Michael Fry and Mr. Kyril Rohan-Chandor, both of New York. Memorial services will be held at 11 a.m. tomorrow at Bible Presbyterian Church, San Bernardino, with cremation following in Mt. View Cemetery. Grove Colonial Mortuary, San Bernardino, is in charge."
Family Members
Half Siblings
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Samuel Fry Ralston
1859–1888
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Etna Louise Ralston
1860–1862
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William Chapman Ralston Jr
1863–1924
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Emelita Thorn Ralston Page
1865–1964
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Bertha Ralston Bright
1872–1960
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Valentine Laura Chandor
1875–1935
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Jack Arthur Chandor
1876–1935
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Alice Marie (Mary) Chandor Dickinson
1880–1956
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Harold Alvin Chandor Sr
1882–1952
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Reginald Mortimer Chandor
1884–1936
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Roland Giles Chandor
1886–1903
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Violet May Chandor
1886–1916
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Hugo Henry Chandor
1895–1966
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Douglas Granvil Chandor
1897–1953
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