Items 1-4
-----------------------------------------------------
(1) Interesting read --- copy link into your browser: "Copyright And The Bizarre World Of Obituary Piracy"

https://www.plagiarismtoday.com/2023/10/16/copyright-and-the-bizarre-world-of-obituary-piracy/
--------------------------------------------------------------
(2) HOW TO CONTACT US:
---------------------------------------------------------------
Unfortunately, due to the massive number of automatic communications that we receive from many professional and personal sources, all EMAILS sent with the F-a-G "Contact Manager" function on any memorial file directly to a trash/junk mail folder and will never be seen or read. Please DO NOT send transfer requests or questions using "Contact Manager" email. This guidance also applies to F-a-G employees and support staff trying to contact us.

(A) Our STRONG preference for messaging with you is through F-a-G's Direct Message function by clicking on "Send Message" on our profile page above as you are reading this message; please INCLUDE BOTH the memorial number AND memorial name IN THE SUBJECT LINE about which you wish to communicate, and also include your contributor number. We check these message notifications regularly when we review and process our "suggested edits". If you have messages turned off, we will reply using a "Suggested Edit" on one of your managed memorials.

(B) Secondary preference for contacting us is through the "Suggested Edits" function on the memorial itself, using the "NOTES" field. As F-a-G imposes character limits in this field, remember, pithiness is next to godliness. We always welcome links to Ancestry.com documents, well-sourced family trees, and other Ancestry-affiliated F-a-G sister sites as we have a global subscription to all of them. We also subscribe to other genealogy services. Use this button to contact us even if you have no data to change...just submit your comment, question or transfer request in the bio section and we'll read it and know what you're trying to communicate (and not actually approve the non sequitur addition to the bio).

Transfer requests, especially, are best sent in this manner.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(3) GPS coordinates: YES PLEASE!
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Have you ever clicked on the "Show Map" link of a memorial page? It's also called "Add To Map" if no geographic coordinates are uploaded yet. Seeing online the location of the grave in the cemetery helps relatives (especially elderly or handicapped ) decide where to park, which walking route is best, which other burials of the same name might potentially be relatives, etc. Please do not decline edits which supply geocoordinates!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
(4) PLACE OF BIRTH = "AUSTRIA"? or "HUNGARY"? or "ITALY"? or "GERMANY" or "RUSSIA"? or "TURKEY"? etc - 3 of the major Empires pre-World War I
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HISTORY AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT IS CRUCIAL IN GENEALOGY!
One of us has extensive interest in the successor countries to the Austro-Hungarian Empire which existed until November, 1918 (just look at our virtual cemeteries).

Most of the memorials we manage have some connection back to Imperial Austria (or are our family, or are both family and from A-H)

Use care in suggesting Place of Birth from these two countries. Someone who was born before 1919 might have "Austria" or "Hungary" as their place of birth written on their American death certificate, but in most cases, citing "Austria" or "Hungary" as their country of birth would be INCORRECT for F-a-G purposes which uses modern day geography.

Someone born, for example, in 1907 in "Austria" or "Hungary," could actually today list their place of birth anywhere between modern day Poland to the north, modern Russia or Ukraine to the east, modern Italy to the west, and modern Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina to the south and every modern country in-between. Before you send an edit listing "Austria" or "Hungary" as someone's pre-1920s birth country, please confirm his or her correct BIRTH VILLAGE to properly identify the correct modern country in the central Europe of today.

Similarly, some form of the word "Yugoslavia" only existed from 1929 - 1991, and that non-existent country's borders only go back to December 1918 with the fall of Imperial Austria-Hungary. Someone born or died outside these dates COULD NOT have been born/died in Yugoslavia, even if the document you are viewing lists it. That document was written during the years that Yugoslavia existed.

Another example, a U.S. marriage certificate from 1930 might list a 1907 place of birth as "Yugoslavia," or "Italy" but that person was actually born in Austria-Hungary and never heard of Yugoslavia or never considered eastern Italy as their home country until decades later.

Further genealogical research could, for example, identify a birth village in an Imperial Austrian Duchy or province such as "Krain" or "Styria." Krain (Carniola in English, Karnten in German) is today mostly within Slovenia, although Austria does have the province Karnten, and Styria (aka Steiermark) today straddles about halfway over both Austria and Slovenia.

Similarly, some western regions of modern Slovenia were, indeed, part of the eastern area of the Kingdom of Italy between and during the two World Wars; so a U.S. marriage certificate from 1942 might list "Italy" as their place of birth in either 1911 or 1921, but today that would be in Slovenia, while in 1911 it would have been Austria, and in 1921, it could have been "Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes". There are hundreds of thousands of such examples from all over central and southern Europe.

Further research is required to identify the church parish or birth village of these people so as to determine in which country the village lies today. If the village can't be identified, it is best to leave the place of birth BLANK, then describe the new data and source information in the bio section; for example; "John Kovac's marriage certificate in 1942 lists his place of birth in 1909 as Hungary, which indicates that he was born in the Austro-Hungarian Empire (and his name spelling suggests only that he was ethnically Slavic and not Germanic or Hungarian)."

As countries' boundaries change in the future, listing the proper village will ensure the place of birth is always accurate....Think of today's war between Russia and Ukraine....will those borders eventually change in the end, much as the former Yugoslavia countries' borders kept changing until 2007, and may yet change again!!

SO WE ASK THAT YOU PLEASE NOT AUTOMATICALLY SUBMIT "AUSTRIA" OR "HUNGARY" AS A PLACE OF BIRTH PRE-1945 UNLESS THE CORRECT BIRTH VILLAGE IS CONFIRMED USING PROPER GENEALOGICAL TECHNIQUES. Over time we are reviewing these memorials we manage to determine their accuracy and hopefully identify the proper connection 'over the pond' back to Imperial Austria-Hungary.

Items 1-4
-----------------------------------------------------
(1) Interesting read --- copy link into your browser: "Copyright And The Bizarre World Of Obituary Piracy"

https://www.plagiarismtoday.com/2023/10/16/copyright-and-the-bizarre-world-of-obituary-piracy/
--------------------------------------------------------------
(2) HOW TO CONTACT US:
---------------------------------------------------------------
Unfortunately, due to the massive number of automatic communications that we receive from many professional and personal sources, all EMAILS sent with the F-a-G "Contact Manager" function on any memorial file directly to a trash/junk mail folder and will never be seen or read. Please DO NOT send transfer requests or questions using "Contact Manager" email. This guidance also applies to F-a-G employees and support staff trying to contact us.

(A) Our STRONG preference for messaging with you is through F-a-G's Direct Message function by clicking on "Send Message" on our profile page above as you are reading this message; please INCLUDE BOTH the memorial number AND memorial name IN THE SUBJECT LINE about which you wish to communicate, and also include your contributor number. We check these message notifications regularly when we review and process our "suggested edits". If you have messages turned off, we will reply using a "Suggested Edit" on one of your managed memorials.

(B) Secondary preference for contacting us is through the "Suggested Edits" function on the memorial itself, using the "NOTES" field. As F-a-G imposes character limits in this field, remember, pithiness is next to godliness. We always welcome links to Ancestry.com documents, well-sourced family trees, and other Ancestry-affiliated F-a-G sister sites as we have a global subscription to all of them. We also subscribe to other genealogy services. Use this button to contact us even if you have no data to change...just submit your comment, question or transfer request in the bio section and we'll read it and know what you're trying to communicate (and not actually approve the non sequitur addition to the bio).

Transfer requests, especially, are best sent in this manner.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(3) GPS coordinates: YES PLEASE!
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Have you ever clicked on the "Show Map" link of a memorial page? It's also called "Add To Map" if no geographic coordinates are uploaded yet. Seeing online the location of the grave in the cemetery helps relatives (especially elderly or handicapped ) decide where to park, which walking route is best, which other burials of the same name might potentially be relatives, etc. Please do not decline edits which supply geocoordinates!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
(4) PLACE OF BIRTH = "AUSTRIA"? or "HUNGARY"? or "ITALY"? or "GERMANY" or "RUSSIA"? or "TURKEY"? etc - 3 of the major Empires pre-World War I
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HISTORY AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT IS CRUCIAL IN GENEALOGY!
One of us has extensive interest in the successor countries to the Austro-Hungarian Empire which existed until November, 1918 (just look at our virtual cemeteries).

Most of the memorials we manage have some connection back to Imperial Austria (or are our family, or are both family and from A-H)

Use care in suggesting Place of Birth from these two countries. Someone who was born before 1919 might have "Austria" or "Hungary" as their place of birth written on their American death certificate, but in most cases, citing "Austria" or "Hungary" as their country of birth would be INCORRECT for F-a-G purposes which uses modern day geography.

Someone born, for example, in 1907 in "Austria" or "Hungary," could actually today list their place of birth anywhere between modern day Poland to the north, modern Russia or Ukraine to the east, modern Italy to the west, and modern Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina to the south and every modern country in-between. Before you send an edit listing "Austria" or "Hungary" as someone's pre-1920s birth country, please confirm his or her correct BIRTH VILLAGE to properly identify the correct modern country in the central Europe of today.

Similarly, some form of the word "Yugoslavia" only existed from 1929 - 1991, and that non-existent country's borders only go back to December 1918 with the fall of Imperial Austria-Hungary. Someone born or died outside these dates COULD NOT have been born/died in Yugoslavia, even if the document you are viewing lists it. That document was written during the years that Yugoslavia existed.

Another example, a U.S. marriage certificate from 1930 might list a 1907 place of birth as "Yugoslavia," or "Italy" but that person was actually born in Austria-Hungary and never heard of Yugoslavia or never considered eastern Italy as their home country until decades later.

Further genealogical research could, for example, identify a birth village in an Imperial Austrian Duchy or province such as "Krain" or "Styria." Krain (Carniola in English, Karnten in German) is today mostly within Slovenia, although Austria does have the province Karnten, and Styria (aka Steiermark) today straddles about halfway over both Austria and Slovenia.

Similarly, some western regions of modern Slovenia were, indeed, part of the eastern area of the Kingdom of Italy between and during the two World Wars; so a U.S. marriage certificate from 1942 might list "Italy" as their place of birth in either 1911 or 1921, but today that would be in Slovenia, while in 1911 it would have been Austria, and in 1921, it could have been "Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes". There are hundreds of thousands of such examples from all over central and southern Europe.

Further research is required to identify the church parish or birth village of these people so as to determine in which country the village lies today. If the village can't be identified, it is best to leave the place of birth BLANK, then describe the new data and source information in the bio section; for example; "John Kovac's marriage certificate in 1942 lists his place of birth in 1909 as Hungary, which indicates that he was born in the Austro-Hungarian Empire (and his name spelling suggests only that he was ethnically Slavic and not Germanic or Hungarian)."

As countries' boundaries change in the future, listing the proper village will ensure the place of birth is always accurate....Think of today's war between Russia and Ukraine....will those borders eventually change in the end, much as the former Yugoslavia countries' borders kept changing until 2007, and may yet change again!!

SO WE ASK THAT YOU PLEASE NOT AUTOMATICALLY SUBMIT "AUSTRIA" OR "HUNGARY" AS A PLACE OF BIRTH PRE-1945 UNLESS THE CORRECT BIRTH VILLAGE IS CONFIRMED USING PROPER GENEALOGICAL TECHNIQUES. Over time we are reviewing these memorials we manage to determine their accuracy and hopefully identify the proper connection 'over the pond' back to Imperial Austria-Hungary.