James was the son of Emile Bernard and Felicia Marie St Martin Marmande who married on 28 Aug 1906 at Eloi Catholic Church, Theriot, Terrebonne Parish, LA. James' siblings were Emile Bernard Jr., Anna Mae, and Jeanne Marmande.
Emile was a prominent sugar planter in Terrebonne Parish. His plantation had been plagued by petty thievery so he hired a night watchman. On the night of 15 May 1923, Emile returned home from a business trip. He decided to check around his property, but had not told the night watchman that he had returned home. Mistaken for a thief, Emile was shot by the night watchman. He died almost instantly. He was 42 years old. He left a wife and four young children.
James Hubert Marmande was born in Terrebonne Parish, LA on 25 August 1917 (His WWII Young Man's draft card records his birthday as 25 Aug 1918). He attended and graduated from Terrebonne High School with the class of 1935. He then attended Louisiana State University between 1935-1939. He was a four year member of the fraternity Sigma Alpha Epsilon and was a participant in ROTC. He graduated from LSU in 1939 with a degree from the College of Commerce. He had completed a year of graduate study when he enlisted in the military.
James H. Marmande applied to the Volunteer US Naval Reserve Flight Training Program (V-5) in the early Spring of 1941 at the Naval Reserve Aviation Base (NRAB), New Orleans, LA. The application process consisted of writing a personal resume, providing all high school and college transcripts, submitting to a police background check, a physical exam, providing a recent photo of himself, a copy of his birth certificate, obtaining at least three character references, and finally he had to sit for an interview with the Naval Reserve Flight Selection Board who would determine his suitability as a future naval officer and pilot. If the applicant was deemed acceptable the board would nominate the applicant to the Navy Department for selection consideration. Marmande received a letter of acceptance and orders in early May 1941.
Marmande enlisted in the V-5 program (NSN: 407-55-64) as a Seaman 2c, on 21 May 1941 at the NRAB, New Orleans, LA. On 03 Jun 1941, he reported to FSB, New Orleans for Elimination flight training (E-Base). He completed the E-Base on 27 June and transferred to NAS Jacksonville (JAX) on 28 June. He reported to NAS JAX on 30 Jun 1941 to await orders from the Navy Department offering him an appointment as an Aviation Cadet. He received the Navy Department's letter several week later. S2/c Marmande was discharged from enlisted status on 23 July 1941. The following day he accepted the appointment and took the oath of office as an Aviation Cadet on 24 July 1941. At some point in his primary and intermediate flight training, Marmande chose to be commissioned as a Marine Corps officer.
He completed his primary flight instruction at NAS Jacksonville, and he received his Naval Aviator designation effective about January 1942. He transferred to NAS, Miami (Opa-Locke) in mid-February 1942 for additional, specialized training. He was commissioned as a 2d Lt, USMCR before 20 March 1942 (according to US Marine Corps records) when he detached from NAS Miami. Second Lieut. Marmande was authorized a two week delay in reporting to count as leave. He reported as a Naval Aviator to HQ Sq, 2d MAG, FMF, NAS, San Diego on 04 April 1942. There he received additional training in dive-bombing tactics and techniques. Lt Marmande detached from the HQ/SS at NAS, San Diego in early May 1942. He was a passenger on board the attack transport ship, USS J. Franklin Bell (APA-16), that steamed from San Diego to Pearl Harbor on 09 May 1942. He continued on to Midway on board the aircraft transport, USS Kitty Hawk (AKV-1). He disembarked from the Kitty Hawk at Midway on 26 May 1942.
Lt Marmande was assigned on Midway to Marine Scout-Bombing Squadron Two Hundred Forty One (VMSB-241). He flew the obsolete Vought SB2U-3 Vindicator dive bomber and his rear-seat gunner was PFC Edby Colvin. In the early morning hours of 4 Jun 1942 Lt Marmande and the rest of the aircraft in the VSMB-241 unit under Maj Benjamin Norris took off from NAS, Midway to find and attack the Japanese Strike Force approaching the Island. As their unit approached the vicinity of the Japanese fleet enemy fighters commenced their attacks on the American dive bombers. Lt Marmande dived and launched his bomb successfully although it did not hit the intended target, the Japanese battleship Haruna.. He adroitly escaped the pursuing fighters and made his way back toward Midway. After rejoining another aircraft from his unit Marmande was about 10 miles from the Island when, according to his wingman, Marmande's aircraft "simply disappeared." Neither his remains nor the aircraft were ever found. He was declared missing in action. On 5 Jun 1943 he was declared presumed dead.
Second Lieutenant Marmande was awarded (posthumously) the Navy Cross, Purple Heart, Presidential Unit Citation, American Defense Service Medal, American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with one battle star, and the World War II Victory Medal.
Navy Cross Citation reads:
The President of the United States of America takes pride in presenting the Navy Cross (Posthumously) to James H. Marmande, Second Lieutenant, United States Marine Corps Reserve, for extraordinary heroism and distinguished service in the line of his profession while serving as a Pilot in Marine Scout-Bombing Squadron TWO HUNDRED FORTY-ONE, Marine Air Group TWENTY-TWO, Naval Air Station, Midway, during operations of the U.S. Naval and Marine Forces against the invading Japanese Fleet during the Battle of Midway on 4 June 1942. During the initial attack upon an enemy aircraft carrier, Second Lieutenant Marmande, in the face of withering fire from Japanese fighter guns and anti-aircraft batteries, dived his plane to a perilously low altitude before releasing his bomb. Since he failed to return to his base and is missing in action, there can be no doubt, under conditions attendant to the Battle of Midway, that he gave up his life in the defense of his country. His cool courage and conscientious devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service.
General Orders: Approved by the Secretary of the Navy on November 10, 1942
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Marine Air Group 22 Presidential Unit Citation reads:
For conspicuous courage and heroism in combat at Midway Island during June 1942. Outnumbered five to one, Marine Aircraft Group 22 boldly intercepted a heavily escorted enemy bombing force, disrupting their attack and preventing serious damage to island installations. Operating with half of their dive-bomber's obsolete and in poor mechanical conditions, which necessitated vulnerable glide bombing tactics, they succeeded in inflicting heavy damage on Japanese surface units of a large enemy task force. The skill and gallant perseverance of flight and ground personnel of Marine Aircraft Group 22, fighting under tremendously adverse and dangerous conditions were essential factors in the unyielding defense of Midway."
----------------------------------------------------------------
The Times (Shreveport, Louisiana) - 10 Jan 1943, Sun - p. 8
Houma Flier Is Decorated
Washington, Jan. 9 (AP). -- A lieutenant from Louisiana was among 84 pilots and aerial gunners decorated for heroic action in the battle of Midway last June. Awarded a Navy Cross was Second Lieut. James H. Marmande, whose mother, Mrs Emile P. Marmande, lives at 808 Roussel street, Houma, Louisiana. Marmande's citation said: " For extraordinary heroism as a pilot in marine scout-bombing squadron 241 during action against enemy Japanese forces in the Battle of Midway on June 4, 1942. During an initial attack upon an enemy aircraft carrier, Second Lieutenant Marmande, in the face of withering fire from Japanese guns and anti-aircraft batteries, dived his plane to a perilously low altitude before releasing his bomb. Since he failed to return to base and is missing in action, there can be no doubt, under conditions attendant to the Battle of Midway, that he gave up his life in the defense of his country. His cool courage and conscientious devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service."
-----------------------------------------
His family received a commemoration from President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It reads:
In grateful memory of James Hubert Marmande who died in the service of his country at Midway Islands on 5 JUNE 1943 (Presumed). He stands in the unbroken line of patriots who have dared to die that freedom might live and grow and increase its blessings. Freedom lives, and through it, he lives -- in a way that humbles the undertakings of most men.
(Signed) Franklin D. Roosevelt,
President of the United States
-------------------------------------------
Combat Action Ribbon (CR) note:
None of the Navy/Marine flight crews in the Battle of Midway were eligible for or were awarded the Combat Action Ribbon (CR). See Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual (SECNAVINST M-1650.1 of 16 Aug 2019, Appendix 2C.1.c (3) Amplifying Guidance). It reads in part, “The CR will not be awarded in connection with aerial flight, . . . “ The CR was established in 1969 and made retroactive to 07 Dec 1941. According to the Awards Manual, when deemed appropriate, the award for aerial combat is the Air Medal.
[Bio#72 composed by Gerry Lawton (G47)]
Military Hall of Honor ID#97191
Emile was a prominent sugar planter in Terrebonne Parish. His plantation had been plagued by petty thievery so he hired a night watchman. On the night of 15 May 1923, Emile returned home from a business trip. He decided to check around his property, but had not told the night watchman that he had returned home. Mistaken for a thief, Emile was shot by the night watchman. He died almost instantly. He was 42 years old. He left a wife and four young children.
James Hubert Marmande was born in Terrebonne Parish, LA on 25 August 1917 (His WWII Young Man's draft card records his birthday as 25 Aug 1918). He attended and graduated from Terrebonne High School with the class of 1935. He then attended Louisiana State University between 1935-1939. He was a four year member of the fraternity Sigma Alpha Epsilon and was a participant in ROTC. He graduated from LSU in 1939 with a degree from the College of Commerce. He had completed a year of graduate study when he enlisted in the military.
James H. Marmande applied to the Volunteer US Naval Reserve Flight Training Program (V-5) in the early Spring of 1941 at the Naval Reserve Aviation Base (NRAB), New Orleans, LA. The application process consisted of writing a personal resume, providing all high school and college transcripts, submitting to a police background check, a physical exam, providing a recent photo of himself, a copy of his birth certificate, obtaining at least three character references, and finally he had to sit for an interview with the Naval Reserve Flight Selection Board who would determine his suitability as a future naval officer and pilot. If the applicant was deemed acceptable the board would nominate the applicant to the Navy Department for selection consideration. Marmande received a letter of acceptance and orders in early May 1941.
Marmande enlisted in the V-5 program (NSN: 407-55-64) as a Seaman 2c, on 21 May 1941 at the NRAB, New Orleans, LA. On 03 Jun 1941, he reported to FSB, New Orleans for Elimination flight training (E-Base). He completed the E-Base on 27 June and transferred to NAS Jacksonville (JAX) on 28 June. He reported to NAS JAX on 30 Jun 1941 to await orders from the Navy Department offering him an appointment as an Aviation Cadet. He received the Navy Department's letter several week later. S2/c Marmande was discharged from enlisted status on 23 July 1941. The following day he accepted the appointment and took the oath of office as an Aviation Cadet on 24 July 1941. At some point in his primary and intermediate flight training, Marmande chose to be commissioned as a Marine Corps officer.
He completed his primary flight instruction at NAS Jacksonville, and he received his Naval Aviator designation effective about January 1942. He transferred to NAS, Miami (Opa-Locke) in mid-February 1942 for additional, specialized training. He was commissioned as a 2d Lt, USMCR before 20 March 1942 (according to US Marine Corps records) when he detached from NAS Miami. Second Lieut. Marmande was authorized a two week delay in reporting to count as leave. He reported as a Naval Aviator to HQ Sq, 2d MAG, FMF, NAS, San Diego on 04 April 1942. There he received additional training in dive-bombing tactics and techniques. Lt Marmande detached from the HQ/SS at NAS, San Diego in early May 1942. He was a passenger on board the attack transport ship, USS J. Franklin Bell (APA-16), that steamed from San Diego to Pearl Harbor on 09 May 1942. He continued on to Midway on board the aircraft transport, USS Kitty Hawk (AKV-1). He disembarked from the Kitty Hawk at Midway on 26 May 1942.
Lt Marmande was assigned on Midway to Marine Scout-Bombing Squadron Two Hundred Forty One (VMSB-241). He flew the obsolete Vought SB2U-3 Vindicator dive bomber and his rear-seat gunner was PFC Edby Colvin. In the early morning hours of 4 Jun 1942 Lt Marmande and the rest of the aircraft in the VSMB-241 unit under Maj Benjamin Norris took off from NAS, Midway to find and attack the Japanese Strike Force approaching the Island. As their unit approached the vicinity of the Japanese fleet enemy fighters commenced their attacks on the American dive bombers. Lt Marmande dived and launched his bomb successfully although it did not hit the intended target, the Japanese battleship Haruna.. He adroitly escaped the pursuing fighters and made his way back toward Midway. After rejoining another aircraft from his unit Marmande was about 10 miles from the Island when, according to his wingman, Marmande's aircraft "simply disappeared." Neither his remains nor the aircraft were ever found. He was declared missing in action. On 5 Jun 1943 he was declared presumed dead.
Second Lieutenant Marmande was awarded (posthumously) the Navy Cross, Purple Heart, Presidential Unit Citation, American Defense Service Medal, American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with one battle star, and the World War II Victory Medal.
Navy Cross Citation reads:
The President of the United States of America takes pride in presenting the Navy Cross (Posthumously) to James H. Marmande, Second Lieutenant, United States Marine Corps Reserve, for extraordinary heroism and distinguished service in the line of his profession while serving as a Pilot in Marine Scout-Bombing Squadron TWO HUNDRED FORTY-ONE, Marine Air Group TWENTY-TWO, Naval Air Station, Midway, during operations of the U.S. Naval and Marine Forces against the invading Japanese Fleet during the Battle of Midway on 4 June 1942. During the initial attack upon an enemy aircraft carrier, Second Lieutenant Marmande, in the face of withering fire from Japanese fighter guns and anti-aircraft batteries, dived his plane to a perilously low altitude before releasing his bomb. Since he failed to return to his base and is missing in action, there can be no doubt, under conditions attendant to the Battle of Midway, that he gave up his life in the defense of his country. His cool courage and conscientious devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service.
General Orders: Approved by the Secretary of the Navy on November 10, 1942
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Marine Air Group 22 Presidential Unit Citation reads:
For conspicuous courage and heroism in combat at Midway Island during June 1942. Outnumbered five to one, Marine Aircraft Group 22 boldly intercepted a heavily escorted enemy bombing force, disrupting their attack and preventing serious damage to island installations. Operating with half of their dive-bomber's obsolete and in poor mechanical conditions, which necessitated vulnerable glide bombing tactics, they succeeded in inflicting heavy damage on Japanese surface units of a large enemy task force. The skill and gallant perseverance of flight and ground personnel of Marine Aircraft Group 22, fighting under tremendously adverse and dangerous conditions were essential factors in the unyielding defense of Midway."
----------------------------------------------------------------
The Times (Shreveport, Louisiana) - 10 Jan 1943, Sun - p. 8
Houma Flier Is Decorated
Washington, Jan. 9 (AP). -- A lieutenant from Louisiana was among 84 pilots and aerial gunners decorated for heroic action in the battle of Midway last June. Awarded a Navy Cross was Second Lieut. James H. Marmande, whose mother, Mrs Emile P. Marmande, lives at 808 Roussel street, Houma, Louisiana. Marmande's citation said: " For extraordinary heroism as a pilot in marine scout-bombing squadron 241 during action against enemy Japanese forces in the Battle of Midway on June 4, 1942. During an initial attack upon an enemy aircraft carrier, Second Lieutenant Marmande, in the face of withering fire from Japanese guns and anti-aircraft batteries, dived his plane to a perilously low altitude before releasing his bomb. Since he failed to return to base and is missing in action, there can be no doubt, under conditions attendant to the Battle of Midway, that he gave up his life in the defense of his country. His cool courage and conscientious devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service."
-----------------------------------------
His family received a commemoration from President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It reads:
In grateful memory of James Hubert Marmande who died in the service of his country at Midway Islands on 5 JUNE 1943 (Presumed). He stands in the unbroken line of patriots who have dared to die that freedom might live and grow and increase its blessings. Freedom lives, and through it, he lives -- in a way that humbles the undertakings of most men.
(Signed) Franklin D. Roosevelt,
President of the United States
-------------------------------------------
Combat Action Ribbon (CR) note:
None of the Navy/Marine flight crews in the Battle of Midway were eligible for or were awarded the Combat Action Ribbon (CR). See Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual (SECNAVINST M-1650.1 of 16 Aug 2019, Appendix 2C.1.c (3) Amplifying Guidance). It reads in part, “The CR will not be awarded in connection with aerial flight, . . . “ The CR was established in 1969 and made retroactive to 07 Dec 1941. According to the Awards Manual, when deemed appropriate, the award for aerial combat is the Air Medal.
[Bio#72 composed by Gerry Lawton (G47)]
Military Hall of Honor ID#97191
James was the son of Emile Bernard and Felicia Marie St Martin Marmande who married on 28 Aug 1906 at Eloi Catholic Church, Theriot, Terrebonne Parish, LA. James' siblings were Emile Bernard Jr., Anna Mae, and Jeanne Marmande.
Emile was a prominent sugar planter in Terrebonne Parish. His plantation had been plagued by petty thievery so he hired a night watchman. On the night of 15 May 1923, Emile returned home from a business trip. He decided to check around his property, but had not told the night watchman that he had returned home. Mistaken for a thief, Emile was shot by the night watchman. He died almost instantly. He was 42 years old. He left a wife and four young children.
James Hubert Marmande was born in Terrebonne Parish, LA on 25 August 1917 (His WWII Young Man's draft card records his birthday as 25 Aug 1918). He attended and graduated from Terrebonne High School with the class of 1935. He then attended Louisiana State University between 1935-1939. He was a four year member of the fraternity Sigma Alpha Epsilon and was a participant in ROTC. He graduated from LSU in 1939 with a degree from the College of Commerce. He had completed a year of graduate study when he enlisted in the military.
James H. Marmande applied to the Volunteer US Naval Reserve Flight Training Program (V-5) in the early Spring of 1941 at the Naval Reserve Aviation Base (NRAB), New Orleans, LA. The application process consisted of writing a personal resume, providing all high school and college transcripts, submitting to a police background check, a physical exam, providing a recent photo of himself, a copy of his birth certificate, obtaining at least three character references, and finally he had to sit for an interview with the Naval Reserve Flight Selection Board who would determine his suitability as a future naval officer and pilot. If the applicant was deemed acceptable the board would nominate the applicant to the Navy Department for selection consideration. Marmande received a letter of acceptance and orders in early May 1941.
Marmande enlisted in the V-5 program (NSN: 407-55-64) as a Seaman 2c, on 21 May 1941 at the NRAB, New Orleans, LA. On 03 Jun 1941, he reported to FSB, New Orleans for Elimination flight training (E-Base). He completed the E-Base on 27 June and transferred to NAS Jacksonville (JAX) on 28 June. He reported to NAS JAX on 30 Jun 1941 to await orders from the Navy Department offering him an appointment as an Aviation Cadet. He received the Navy Department's letter several week later. S2/c Marmande was discharged from enlisted status on 23 July 1941. The following day he accepted the appointment and took the oath of office as an Aviation Cadet on 24 July 1941. At some point in his primary and intermediate flight training, Marmande chose to be commissioned as a Marine Corps officer.
He completed his primary flight instruction at NAS Jacksonville, and he received his Naval Aviator designation effective about January 1942. He transferred to NAS, Miami (Opa-Locke) in mid-February 1942 for additional, specialized training. He was commissioned as a 2d Lt, USMCR before 20 March 1942 (according to US Marine Corps records) when he detached from NAS Miami. Second Lieut. Marmande was authorized a two week delay in reporting to count as leave. He reported as a Naval Aviator to HQ Sq, 2d MAG, FMF, NAS, San Diego on 04 April 1942. There he received additional training in dive-bombing tactics and techniques. Lt Marmande detached from the HQ/SS at NAS, San Diego in early May 1942. He was a passenger on board the attack transport ship, USS J. Franklin Bell (APA-16), that steamed from San Diego to Pearl Harbor on 09 May 1942. He continued on to Midway on board the aircraft transport, USS Kitty Hawk (AKV-1). He disembarked from the Kitty Hawk at Midway on 26 May 1942.
Lt Marmande was assigned on Midway to Marine Scout-Bombing Squadron Two Hundred Forty One (VMSB-241). He flew the obsolete Vought SB2U-3 Vindicator dive bomber and his rear-seat gunner was PFC Edby Colvin. In the early morning hours of 4 Jun 1942 Lt Marmande and the rest of the aircraft in the VSMB-241 unit under Maj Benjamin Norris took off from NAS, Midway to find and attack the Japanese Strike Force approaching the Island. As their unit approached the vicinity of the Japanese fleet enemy fighters commenced their attacks on the American dive bombers. Lt Marmande dived and launched his bomb successfully although it did not hit the intended target, the Japanese battleship Haruna.. He adroitly escaped the pursuing fighters and made his way back toward Midway. After rejoining another aircraft from his unit Marmande was about 10 miles from the Island when, according to his wingman, Marmande's aircraft "simply disappeared." Neither his remains nor the aircraft were ever found. He was declared missing in action. On 5 Jun 1943 he was declared presumed dead.
Second Lieutenant Marmande was awarded (posthumously) the Navy Cross, Purple Heart, Presidential Unit Citation, American Defense Service Medal, American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with one battle star, and the World War II Victory Medal.
Navy Cross Citation reads:
The President of the United States of America takes pride in presenting the Navy Cross (Posthumously) to James H. Marmande, Second Lieutenant, United States Marine Corps Reserve, for extraordinary heroism and distinguished service in the line of his profession while serving as a Pilot in Marine Scout-Bombing Squadron TWO HUNDRED FORTY-ONE, Marine Air Group TWENTY-TWO, Naval Air Station, Midway, during operations of the U.S. Naval and Marine Forces against the invading Japanese Fleet during the Battle of Midway on 4 June 1942. During the initial attack upon an enemy aircraft carrier, Second Lieutenant Marmande, in the face of withering fire from Japanese fighter guns and anti-aircraft batteries, dived his plane to a perilously low altitude before releasing his bomb. Since he failed to return to his base and is missing in action, there can be no doubt, under conditions attendant to the Battle of Midway, that he gave up his life in the defense of his country. His cool courage and conscientious devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service.
General Orders: Approved by the Secretary of the Navy on November 10, 1942
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Marine Air Group 22 Presidential Unit Citation reads:
For conspicuous courage and heroism in combat at Midway Island during June 1942. Outnumbered five to one, Marine Aircraft Group 22 boldly intercepted a heavily escorted enemy bombing force, disrupting their attack and preventing serious damage to island installations. Operating with half of their dive-bomber's obsolete and in poor mechanical conditions, which necessitated vulnerable glide bombing tactics, they succeeded in inflicting heavy damage on Japanese surface units of a large enemy task force. The skill and gallant perseverance of flight and ground personnel of Marine Aircraft Group 22, fighting under tremendously adverse and dangerous conditions were essential factors in the unyielding defense of Midway."
----------------------------------------------------------------
The Times (Shreveport, Louisiana) - 10 Jan 1943, Sun - p. 8
Houma Flier Is Decorated
Washington, Jan. 9 (AP). -- A lieutenant from Louisiana was among 84 pilots and aerial gunners decorated for heroic action in the battle of Midway last June. Awarded a Navy Cross was Second Lieut. James H. Marmande, whose mother, Mrs Emile P. Marmande, lives at 808 Roussel street, Houma, Louisiana. Marmande's citation said: " For extraordinary heroism as a pilot in marine scout-bombing squadron 241 during action against enemy Japanese forces in the Battle of Midway on June 4, 1942. During an initial attack upon an enemy aircraft carrier, Second Lieutenant Marmande, in the face of withering fire from Japanese guns and anti-aircraft batteries, dived his plane to a perilously low altitude before releasing his bomb. Since he failed to return to base and is missing in action, there can be no doubt, under conditions attendant to the Battle of Midway, that he gave up his life in the defense of his country. His cool courage and conscientious devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service."
-----------------------------------------
His family received a commemoration from President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It reads:
In grateful memory of James Hubert Marmande who died in the service of his country at Midway Islands on 5 JUNE 1943 (Presumed). He stands in the unbroken line of patriots who have dared to die that freedom might live and grow and increase its blessings. Freedom lives, and through it, he lives -- in a way that humbles the undertakings of most men.
(Signed) Franklin D. Roosevelt,
President of the United States
-------------------------------------------
Combat Action Ribbon (CR) note:
None of the Navy/Marine flight crews in the Battle of Midway were eligible for or were awarded the Combat Action Ribbon (CR). See Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual (SECNAVINST M-1650.1 of 16 Aug 2019, Appendix 2C.1.c (3) Amplifying Guidance). It reads in part, “The CR will not be awarded in connection with aerial flight, . . . “ The CR was established in 1969 and made retroactive to 07 Dec 1941. According to the Awards Manual, when deemed appropriate, the award for aerial combat is the Air Medal.
[Bio#72 composed by Gerry Lawton (G47)]
Military Hall of Honor ID#97191
Emile was a prominent sugar planter in Terrebonne Parish. His plantation had been plagued by petty thievery so he hired a night watchman. On the night of 15 May 1923, Emile returned home from a business trip. He decided to check around his property, but had not told the night watchman that he had returned home. Mistaken for a thief, Emile was shot by the night watchman. He died almost instantly. He was 42 years old. He left a wife and four young children.
James Hubert Marmande was born in Terrebonne Parish, LA on 25 August 1917 (His WWII Young Man's draft card records his birthday as 25 Aug 1918). He attended and graduated from Terrebonne High School with the class of 1935. He then attended Louisiana State University between 1935-1939. He was a four year member of the fraternity Sigma Alpha Epsilon and was a participant in ROTC. He graduated from LSU in 1939 with a degree from the College of Commerce. He had completed a year of graduate study when he enlisted in the military.
James H. Marmande applied to the Volunteer US Naval Reserve Flight Training Program (V-5) in the early Spring of 1941 at the Naval Reserve Aviation Base (NRAB), New Orleans, LA. The application process consisted of writing a personal resume, providing all high school and college transcripts, submitting to a police background check, a physical exam, providing a recent photo of himself, a copy of his birth certificate, obtaining at least three character references, and finally he had to sit for an interview with the Naval Reserve Flight Selection Board who would determine his suitability as a future naval officer and pilot. If the applicant was deemed acceptable the board would nominate the applicant to the Navy Department for selection consideration. Marmande received a letter of acceptance and orders in early May 1941.
Marmande enlisted in the V-5 program (NSN: 407-55-64) as a Seaman 2c, on 21 May 1941 at the NRAB, New Orleans, LA. On 03 Jun 1941, he reported to FSB, New Orleans for Elimination flight training (E-Base). He completed the E-Base on 27 June and transferred to NAS Jacksonville (JAX) on 28 June. He reported to NAS JAX on 30 Jun 1941 to await orders from the Navy Department offering him an appointment as an Aviation Cadet. He received the Navy Department's letter several week later. S2/c Marmande was discharged from enlisted status on 23 July 1941. The following day he accepted the appointment and took the oath of office as an Aviation Cadet on 24 July 1941. At some point in his primary and intermediate flight training, Marmande chose to be commissioned as a Marine Corps officer.
He completed his primary flight instruction at NAS Jacksonville, and he received his Naval Aviator designation effective about January 1942. He transferred to NAS, Miami (Opa-Locke) in mid-February 1942 for additional, specialized training. He was commissioned as a 2d Lt, USMCR before 20 March 1942 (according to US Marine Corps records) when he detached from NAS Miami. Second Lieut. Marmande was authorized a two week delay in reporting to count as leave. He reported as a Naval Aviator to HQ Sq, 2d MAG, FMF, NAS, San Diego on 04 April 1942. There he received additional training in dive-bombing tactics and techniques. Lt Marmande detached from the HQ/SS at NAS, San Diego in early May 1942. He was a passenger on board the attack transport ship, USS J. Franklin Bell (APA-16), that steamed from San Diego to Pearl Harbor on 09 May 1942. He continued on to Midway on board the aircraft transport, USS Kitty Hawk (AKV-1). He disembarked from the Kitty Hawk at Midway on 26 May 1942.
Lt Marmande was assigned on Midway to Marine Scout-Bombing Squadron Two Hundred Forty One (VMSB-241). He flew the obsolete Vought SB2U-3 Vindicator dive bomber and his rear-seat gunner was PFC Edby Colvin. In the early morning hours of 4 Jun 1942 Lt Marmande and the rest of the aircraft in the VSMB-241 unit under Maj Benjamin Norris took off from NAS, Midway to find and attack the Japanese Strike Force approaching the Island. As their unit approached the vicinity of the Japanese fleet enemy fighters commenced their attacks on the American dive bombers. Lt Marmande dived and launched his bomb successfully although it did not hit the intended target, the Japanese battleship Haruna.. He adroitly escaped the pursuing fighters and made his way back toward Midway. After rejoining another aircraft from his unit Marmande was about 10 miles from the Island when, according to his wingman, Marmande's aircraft "simply disappeared." Neither his remains nor the aircraft were ever found. He was declared missing in action. On 5 Jun 1943 he was declared presumed dead.
Second Lieutenant Marmande was awarded (posthumously) the Navy Cross, Purple Heart, Presidential Unit Citation, American Defense Service Medal, American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with one battle star, and the World War II Victory Medal.
Navy Cross Citation reads:
The President of the United States of America takes pride in presenting the Navy Cross (Posthumously) to James H. Marmande, Second Lieutenant, United States Marine Corps Reserve, for extraordinary heroism and distinguished service in the line of his profession while serving as a Pilot in Marine Scout-Bombing Squadron TWO HUNDRED FORTY-ONE, Marine Air Group TWENTY-TWO, Naval Air Station, Midway, during operations of the U.S. Naval and Marine Forces against the invading Japanese Fleet during the Battle of Midway on 4 June 1942. During the initial attack upon an enemy aircraft carrier, Second Lieutenant Marmande, in the face of withering fire from Japanese fighter guns and anti-aircraft batteries, dived his plane to a perilously low altitude before releasing his bomb. Since he failed to return to his base and is missing in action, there can be no doubt, under conditions attendant to the Battle of Midway, that he gave up his life in the defense of his country. His cool courage and conscientious devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service.
General Orders: Approved by the Secretary of the Navy on November 10, 1942
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Marine Air Group 22 Presidential Unit Citation reads:
For conspicuous courage and heroism in combat at Midway Island during June 1942. Outnumbered five to one, Marine Aircraft Group 22 boldly intercepted a heavily escorted enemy bombing force, disrupting their attack and preventing serious damage to island installations. Operating with half of their dive-bomber's obsolete and in poor mechanical conditions, which necessitated vulnerable glide bombing tactics, they succeeded in inflicting heavy damage on Japanese surface units of a large enemy task force. The skill and gallant perseverance of flight and ground personnel of Marine Aircraft Group 22, fighting under tremendously adverse and dangerous conditions were essential factors in the unyielding defense of Midway."
----------------------------------------------------------------
The Times (Shreveport, Louisiana) - 10 Jan 1943, Sun - p. 8
Houma Flier Is Decorated
Washington, Jan. 9 (AP). -- A lieutenant from Louisiana was among 84 pilots and aerial gunners decorated for heroic action in the battle of Midway last June. Awarded a Navy Cross was Second Lieut. James H. Marmande, whose mother, Mrs Emile P. Marmande, lives at 808 Roussel street, Houma, Louisiana. Marmande's citation said: " For extraordinary heroism as a pilot in marine scout-bombing squadron 241 during action against enemy Japanese forces in the Battle of Midway on June 4, 1942. During an initial attack upon an enemy aircraft carrier, Second Lieutenant Marmande, in the face of withering fire from Japanese guns and anti-aircraft batteries, dived his plane to a perilously low altitude before releasing his bomb. Since he failed to return to base and is missing in action, there can be no doubt, under conditions attendant to the Battle of Midway, that he gave up his life in the defense of his country. His cool courage and conscientious devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service."
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His family received a commemoration from President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It reads:
In grateful memory of James Hubert Marmande who died in the service of his country at Midway Islands on 5 JUNE 1943 (Presumed). He stands in the unbroken line of patriots who have dared to die that freedom might live and grow and increase its blessings. Freedom lives, and through it, he lives -- in a way that humbles the undertakings of most men.
(Signed) Franklin D. Roosevelt,
President of the United States
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Combat Action Ribbon (CR) note:
None of the Navy/Marine flight crews in the Battle of Midway were eligible for or were awarded the Combat Action Ribbon (CR). See Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual (SECNAVINST M-1650.1 of 16 Aug 2019, Appendix 2C.1.c (3) Amplifying Guidance). It reads in part, “The CR will not be awarded in connection with aerial flight, . . . “ The CR was established in 1969 and made retroactive to 07 Dec 1941. According to the Awards Manual, when deemed appropriate, the award for aerial combat is the Air Medal.
[Bio#72 composed by Gerry Lawton (G47)]
Military Hall of Honor ID#97191
Gravesite Details
Cenotaph - body lost at sea during battle of Midway
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