Prime Minister of Sweden. Hjalmar Hammarskjold received international recognition as an early 20th-century Swedish politician, who served as the Prime Minister of Sweden during the years of World War I, from February of 1914 until March of 1917. Sweden remained neutral during the war under his leadership. During the war, he continued trade agreements with Germany and ejected a proposal for a common trade agreement with Great Britain, which impacted his popularity. With a food shortage that could not be resolved easily, he resigned his position as Prime Minister in 1917.  Prior to World War I, he gained international recognition for being an earnest diplomat by serving as Sweden's chief delegate to the 1907 Hague Peace Conference, presiding over the Franco-Italian arbitration court in 1913, and dealing with the seize of vessels during the Italo-Turkish War in 1911. Born with a noble ranking, his ancestor on a female branch was the daughter of Eric XIV of Sweden through a relationship with a mistress. In 1884, he graduated from Uppsala University with a Bachelor's degree in law and philosophy and became an expert in law. From 1891 to 1895, he taught civil law at the Uppsala University, which was followed by a position in the Ministry of Justice and acting head from 1901 to 1902. In 1902 he was appointed President of the Gota Supreme Court and became a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at the Hague in 1904, where he served until 1946.  In 1905 he acted as minister of education and as a delegate to negotiations in Karlstad over the dissolution of the union of Sweden and Norway. From 1905 to 1907, he was acting a Swedish minister in Copenhagen. In 1907 he became governor of Uppsala province, holding that office until 1930. In his later years, he served as curator of the Académie de Droit International at The Hague, president of the Institu de Droit International from 1924 to 1938, and Chairman of the Nobel Prize foundation from 1929 to 1947. In 1923 he published, "Om Fraktaftalet And Its Most Important Legal Consequences," which is available in several languages including English. He married and had four sons, including his youngest Dag, who became the Secretary General of the United Nations and among his son's many accolades, was the recipient of the 1961 Nobel Peace Prize posthumously. He died six months after his son Dag's death in a plane crash. His successor was Carl Swartz, who served for only seven months.