Akhmatova, Anna b. June 23, 1889 d. March 5, 1966 Poet. She is considered by many to be the greatest woman poet in Russian Literature. Born Anna Gorenko into an upper-class family in Odessa, Ukraine, she spent most of her life in Saint Petersburg, the city with which she is most closely identified. Precocious in her studies, she excelled in languages and began writing verse at age 11. She took the pseudonym Akhmatova after her father told her not to shame the family name by becoming "a decadent poetess." In 1910 she married poet [Read More] (Bio by: Robert Edwards) Komarovo Cemetery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation
Alexander I b. December 23, 1777 d. November 19, 1825 Russian Monarch. On the eve of March 23, 1801, a group who had supported Catherine II the Great burst into the bedroom of Alexander's father, Czar Paul I, to force him to sign his own abdication. That was the plan, but Paul refused, became agitated with them, and one of the men hit Paul with a sword; he fell to the floor and died shortly afterward. At the age of 25 years, Alexander Pavlovich, the next heir in Romanov Dynasty, was waiting elsewhere in the palace knowing he would soon be the...[Read More] (Bio by: Linda Davis) St. Peter and Paul Fortress, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation
Andreyev, Leonid b. August 21, 1871 d. September 12, 1919 Author. Born in Oryol, Russia, he studied law at the universities of St. Petersburg and Moscow, but quickly abandoned the legal profession for a literary career. He was mentored by Maxim Gorky, who helped get his first collection of stories published in 1901, but their friendship later ended because of opposing political views. Andreyev's writing is marked by a brooding tone and deep pessimism. His best known works are the novel "The Seven Who Were Hanged" (1909), and the play "He Who Gets...[Read More] (Bio by: Robert Edwards) Volkovskoye Memorial Cemetery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation Plot: Literatorskie Mostki Section
Andreyev, Vasily Vasilyevich b. January 14, 1861 d. December 26, 1918 Folk Musician, Impresario. Often called "The Father of the Balalaika". Born into a noble family in Russia's Tverskoi Province, Andreyev started out as a salon violinist. He switched to the balalaika around 1883 after discovering its unique sound in a local village. At the time it was a crude peasant instrument of probable Tartar origin, mentioned in the writings of Gogol and Tolstoy but ignored by serious musicians. With the aid of lutemakers he redesigned it for concert use, developed five...[Read More] (Bio by: Robert Edwards) Alexander Nevsky Monastery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation Plot: Artist's Cemetery
Antropov, Alexei Petrovich b. March 25, 1716 d. June 23, 1795 Artist. One of the most influential Russian painters of the 18th Century, best remembered for the sincerity and directness of his portraits. He was also an accomplished icon painter, miniaturist, and metal worker. Antropov was born in St. Petersburg, to the family of a military carpenter. When he was 15, he started his art schooling and in the next seven years was instructed by some of the best known Russian and foreign painters of the time. In 1739 he became an apprentice in the Chancellery of...[Read More] (Bio by: julia&keld) Alexander Nevsky Monastery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation Plot: Lazarus cemetery
Apraxina, Marpha Matveyovna b. 1664 d. January 11, 1714 Russian Czarina. Born the daughter of Domna Bogdanovna Lovchikova and Matvey Vasilievich Apraxin, she became the second consort of Fyodor Alexeiovich III 'The Feeble' in 1682, mere months after he had been widowed. She herself was widowed within months of the wedding. They had no children. Her name has also been recorded as Marfa Matveievna Apraksina and Martha Apraxina. (Bio by: Iola) St. Peter and Paul Fortress, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation Plot: Tomb #20
Arensky, Anton b. August 11, 1861 d. February 25, 1906 Composer, Pianist, Conductor. Born in Novgorod, Russia, he was the son of amateur musicians who encouraged him to pursue that art as a career. In 1879 the family moved to St. Petersburg so he could study with Rimsky-Korsakov at its conservatory; he graduated with a gold medal in 1882 and was immediately hired as a professor at the Moscow Conservatory, where he was the youngest member of the faculty. His students would include Sergei Rachmaninov and Alexander Scriabin. Arensky was...[Read More] (Bio by: Robert Edwards) Alexander Nevsky Monastery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation
Arkhangelsky, Alexander Andreyevich b. October 23, 1846 d. November 16, 1924 Conductor, Composer. As founder of the famed Arkhangelsky Choir, which he led for 37 years, he spearheaded a renaissance of Russian choral music in the late 1800s. Arkhangelsky was born in Penza, Russia, and trained as a choirboy there and in St. Petersburg. He began conducting at age 16. Influenced by the Nationalists, he believed his country's sacred music had become too "Westernized" and sought to revive its earlier repertory. When the church establishment resisted his attempted reforms he...[Read More] (Bio by: Robert Edwards) Alexander Nevsky Monastery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation Plot: Tikhvin Cemetery
Balakirev, Mily b. January 2, 1837 d. May 29, 1910 Composer, Pianist, Conductor, Teacher. The most dynamic advocate of nationalism in 19th Century Russian Music. He was the leader of "The Five", a group of St. Petersburg-based composers who sought to free themselves from foreign influence by writing music that was inspired by their nation's culture. The brilliant piano showpiece "Islamey: An Oriental Fantasy" (1869) is his best known work. Mily Alekseyevich Balakirev was raised in Nizhny Novgorod and received his first music lessons from his...[Read More] (Bio by: Robert Edwards) Alexander Nevsky Monastery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation
Beliayev, Alexander b. March 16, 1884 d. January 6, 1942 Author. He was known as "The Soviet Jules Verne" for his Science Fiction stories, which combined fantasy, humor, and political ideology. Among the technological advances he predicted were global satellites and radio-controlled missiles. His tales include "The Struggle in Space" (1928), "Leap Into Nothing" (1933), "Second Moon" (1934), and "The Anatomical Bridegroom" (1941). Beliayev was born in Smolensk, Russia. He became a writer in 1925 after a spinal ailment left him a semi-invalid...[Read More] (Bio by: Robert Edwards) Volkovskoye Memorial Cemetery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation
Bichurin, Iakinf (Nikita Yakovlevich) b. August 29, 1777 d. May 11, 1853 Russian traveller, one of the founding fathers of Sinology, and author of the books about China and neighboring countries. After training to become a priest, he took the name Iakinf and in 1807 went to promote Christianity in Beijing. He became deeply interested in Chinese history, and spent more than 14 years in the country. Upon his return to Russia, he was accused of lacking religious zeal, and was stripped of his abbot's rank and incarcerated in the Valaam Monastery. Imprisoned, he...[Read More] (Bio by: julia&keld) Alexander Nevsky Monastery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation Plot: Lazarus Cemetery
Blok, Alexander Alexandrovich b. November 16, 1880 d. August 7, 1921 Poet, Playwright. Considered by many the greatest figure of Russia's Symbolist Movement. His experiments in rhythm and prosody broke new ground in his country's literature. Blok's masterpiece, the long poem "The Twelve" (1918), reflected his initial enthusiasm for the Russian Revolution. It depicts twelve Bolshevik soldiers on a winter night, raping, looting, and killing their way through St. Petersburg; at the end Jesus Christ appears as their leader. The poem caused a firestorm of...[Read More] (Bio by: Robert Edwards) Volkovskoye Memorial Cemetery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation
Blok, Alexander Alexandrovich [cenotaph] b. November 16, 1880 d. August 7, 1921 Poet, Playwright. Considered by many the greatest figure of Russia's Symbolist Movement. His experiments in rhythm and prosody broke new ground in his country's literature. Blok's masterpiece, the long poem "The Twelve" (1918), reflected his initial enthusiasm for the Russian Revolution. It depicts twelve Bolshevik soldiers on a winter night, raping, looting, and killing their way through St. Petersburg; at the end Jesus Christ appears as their leader. The poem caused a firestorm of controversy...[Read More] (Bio by: Robert Edwards) Smolensky Cemetery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation Plot: * Former burial location
Borodin, Alexander b. October 13, 1833 d. February 15, 1887 Composer. He was a member of "The Five", a group of Russian composers who in the mid-1800s rejected foreign influences and dedicated themselves to creating music inspired by their nation's heritage. His style is notable for its rich lyricism, its exotic color and occasional barbarity, reflecting his interest in Eastern folk culture. The opera "Prince Igor" (premiered in 1890) is his magnum opus, with its "Polovetsian Dances" remaining as concert hall favorites. His String Quartet No. 2 (1881)...[Read More] (Bio by: Robert Edwards) Alexander Nevsky Monastery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation
Bortniansky, Dmytro b. October 28, 1751 d. October 10, 1825 Composer, Conductor. Considered Russia's first important Classical musician. His fame today rests on his liturgical compositions. Dmytro Stepanovic Bortniansky was born in what is now Hlukhiv, Ukraine. At age seven he joined the Imperial Chapel Choir in St. Petersburg, then under the direction of Baldassare Galuppi, who accepted him as a private pupil. He showed such promise that in 1769 Galuppi persuaded Empress Catherine II to sponsor his further education abroad. Bortniansky spent 10...[Read More] (Bio by: Robert Edwards) Alexander Nevsky Monastery, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation
Catherine II the Great b. May 2, 1729 d. November 17, 1796 Russian Monarch. Known as "Catherine the Great of Russia", she was born Princess Sophia Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst. She was brought to Russia in 1744 at the behest of ruling Czarina Elizabeth I to marry Elizabeth's nephew Peter. She changed her name to Catherine when she converted to the Orthodox Church prior to the wedding. After bearing one son, Paul, the marriage turned bad, and she became isolated from Peter's court. When Elizabeth died, Peter became Czar Peter III in January 1762. A poor...[Read More] Cause of death: Stroke St. Peter and Paul Fortress, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Federal City, Russian Federation