John IX, Pope Pope. He called a council which exciled and excommunicated all those cardinals who were accomplices of Stephen VI. He crowned Lambert of Spoleto king of Italy to take on the task of protecting the Church and the pope. But Lambert died very soon and Italy fell back into anarchy. (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
John Paul I (Luciani), Pope (Albino) b. October 17, 1912 d. September 28, 1978 Roman Catholic Pope. The first Pope to bear two names and, the first modern Pope to speak in addresses in the singular form, using "I" instead of "We". He came from a poor family and, was educated in the minor and major seminaries of the diocese of Belluno and ordained a priest of the Roman Catholic Church on July 7, 1935. Later he received a Doctorate in Sacred Theology from the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome. He served as his diocese's seminary Vice-Rector from 1937 to 1947, also...[Read More] (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
John Paul II (Wojtyla), Pope (Karol Jósef) b. May 18, 1920 d. April 2, 2005 Roman Catholic Pope. Born Karol Joseph Wojtyla in Wadowice, Poland to an administrative officer in the Polish army and a former schoolteacher, he rose to Pope and is said to have profoundly changed the Catholic church. As a youth he enjoyed sports and later developed a love of theater planning to become a professional actor. During the Nazi occupation of Poland he clandestinely pursued both his studies and his acting while working as a stonecutter to support himself and to hold the work permit...[Read More] (Bio by: Fred Beisser) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City Plot: Chapel of St. Sebastian
John VIII, Pope d. December 16, 882 Pope. In the decade 872-882 John VIII faced hundreds of problems. Italy was divided among Carolingian, Byzantine and Islamic Empires while in the South were born small independent principalities which fought one another with Saracens aid. In 878 Rome was even occupied by duke Lambertus of Spoleto, so that the Pope convened a Council in France pressing Carolingian help. He tried also to come to an agreement with Byzantine Empire (Council of 879), but died without achieving any result. (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
John XXIII (Roncalli), Pope (Angelo) b. November 25, 1881 d. June 3, 1963 Roman Catholic Pope. Educated at Bergamo and the Seminario Romano (called the Apollinare), Rome, Italy, he was ordained a Catholic priest in 1904. While secretary to the bishop of Bergamo (1904 to 1914) he wrote scholarly works, among them a life of Saint Charles Borromeo. He was elected Pope on October 28, 1958, succeeding Pope Pius XII. As Pope, he put reforms into practice - he laid stress on his own pastoral duties as well as those of other bishops and the lesser clergy; he was active in...[Read More] (Bio by: MC) Cause of death: Stomach cancer Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Julius II, Pope b. December 5, 1443 d. February 21, 1513 Roman Catholic Pope. Born Giuliano della Rovere at Albissola, Italy, the son of Raffaelo della Rovere and Theodora Manerola. His uncle, Francesco della Rovere, saw to it he was educated with the Franciscan Order at Perugia. His uncle was elected Pope Sixtus IV in 1471, and boosted his nephew's career, granting him the episcopal see of Carpentras. He then headed a papal army into Umbria and fought to extend the influence of the papacy. During the course of his uncle's papacy, he was rewarded...[Read More] (Bio by: Iola) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Julius III, Pope b. September 10, 1487 d. March 23, 1555 Pope. Born Giammaria Ciocchi Del Monte, Julius III was elected on 7 February, 1550, after a conclave of ten weeks. He showed excellent good sense and tact in his dealings with England. Mary, now on the throne, was negotiating for the return of England to Catholic unity. (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Leo I, Pope Roman Catholic Pope, Saint. His chief aim during his tenure was to unify the Church. When Attila the Hun had threatened to invade Rome in 452, Leo personally went to his camp to meet with the Hun. Although nobody knows what he said, it caused Attila to leave Italy. And in 455 when the city was captured by the Vandals under Genseric, although it was plundered for a short time, Leo's interference obtained a promise from Genseric that the city would not be harmed and that the lives of the...[Read More] (Bio by: Mongoose) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Leo III, Pope Pope. Unanimously elected on December 26, 795. On April 25, 799, members of Pope Adrian I's family hired thugs to attack Leo in a procession. They scarred his face and tried to tear out his toungue and eyes to render him unfit for the papacy. He survived the attack, scarred but tongue and eyes miraculously healed. On Christmas day, 800, Leo crowned Charlemagne emperor, the event that traditionally marks the beginning of the Holy Roman Empire. (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Leo IV, Pope d. July 17, 855 Pope. As soon as Leo IV, much against his will, became pope, he began to take precautions against a repetition of the Saracen raid of 846. He put the walls of the city into a thorough state of repair, entirely rebuilding fifteen of the great towers. He was the first to enclose the Vatican hill by a wall. Leo IV died July 17, 855, with a great reputation for sanctity. Indeed he was credited with working miracle. (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Leo IX, Pope b. June 21, 1002 d. April 19, 1054 Pope and Saint. Born to a royal family. When he was young, it is said that though he had given abundant evidence of a bright mind, on one occasion he could not study out of an exceptionally beautiful book which his mother had bought and given to him. It turned out that the book had been stolen from the Abbey of St. Hubert in the Ardennes. When his mother Heilewide had restored the volume to its rightful owners, the child's studies went on unchecked. Leo was a cousin of Emperor Conrad II, and he...[Read More] (Bio by: Mongoose) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Leo V, Pope Pope. Leo V is spoken of as a praiseworthy and holy man, but practically nothing is known of his early life or of his election. Whatever his qualifications, his pontificate was so short that he had no time to do more than grant the canons of Bologna the pleasant privilege of exemption from taxes. The circumstances of his death are as obscure as those of his life. After a pontificate of somewhat over a month he was seized by Christopher, Cardinal-Priest of St. Damasus, and cast into prison. The...[Read More] (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Leo VI, Pope Pope. Leo VI reigned seven months and a few days, he seems to have been a good man. Certainly no historian has anything to say against him. According to most writers he was buried in St. Peter's. (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Leo VII, Pope Pope. Leo VII cooperated in the grand work of restoration being done in Germany by Henry the Fowler and his son Otto. He appointed Frederick, archbishop of Mainz, to be his legate for all Germany so that he could reform the clergy. He refused to allow the overzealous German to baptize Jews by force, but he was enough the child of his age to permit Frederick to drive the Jews out of the cities if they would not accept baptism. Leo VII died in July, 936. (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Leo XI, Pope b. 1555 d. April 27, 1605 Pope. Born Alessandro Ottaviano De' Medici, he was a grandnephew of Pope Leo X. Leo XI became Supreme Pontiff on April 1, 1605. Already very ill, he died 27 days later. Although he had ruled so short a time, he managed to lower taxes and send help to the Hungarians in their struggle against the Turks. (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Leo XII, Pope b. August 22, 1760 d. February 10, 1829 Pope. Born Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchior Girolamo Nicola, Sixth of ten siblings. Uncle of Cardinal Gabriele della Genga Sermattei. Elected pope, September 28, 1823; at first, he was not willing to accept the election due to his poor health, telling the cardinals that they were electing "a dead man." He had a noble character, a passion for order and efficiency, but he lacked insight into, and sympathy with, the temporal developments of his period. His rule was unpopular in Rome and in the...[Read More] (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Linus, Pope (Saint) Catholic Pope. Identified as the second Pope, immediately following the apostle Peter. The dates given for his papacy vary dramatically: most sources say that he became Pope in 67, the Catholic Encyclopedia gives 64, the ‘Liber Pontificalis' claims as early as 56 and the Liberian Catalogue 55. Almost nothing is known of his life. It is said that he was born in Volterra in Tuscany. Sources also vary on the date of his death. Many sources, claim he died a martyr, but as there was no persecution...[Read More] (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City Plot: Necropolis
Marcellus II, Pope b. May 6, 1501 d. May 6, 1555 Roman Catholic Pope. Born Marcello Cervini Degli Spannochi, he was nown as a man of integrity, tact and ability. He was made cardinal in December 1539 by Pope Paul III, for whom he served in numerous politico-ecclesiastical missions. With Cardinal Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte (later Pope Julius III) and Cardinal Reginald Pole, he presided at the Council of Trent in 1545. Pope Marcellus II had a high reputation for integrity, tact and ability. He began his papacy working for reform; he was...[Read More] (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Marinus I, Pope Pope. Of English origin. Among his first acts as pope were the restitution of Formosus, cardinal bishop of Porto, and the anathematizing of Photius. It was a great sorrow to him when he received news of the second distruction of Montecassino. He died possibly poisoned. Marinus I was buried in the portico of St. Peter's. (Bio by: MC) Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City