Morgan, Yuki b. 1881 d. 1963 Famous Geisha. After completing her training as a Geisha at age 14, she married George D. Morgan, a nephew of American financier J.P. Morgan, and moved to France with him in 1904. This marriage created a sensation in both Japan and the United States. After her husband died in 1915, she continued living in France until 1938. She then returned to Japan, quietly resided in Kyoto and became a Catholic in 1953. Her life has been the subject of a number of novels and a musical in Japan. (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Dojuin Temple Cemetery, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Muraoka, Tsubone no b. 1786 d. 1873 Prominent female imperial loyalist at the end of the Edo Period (1603-1868). A daughter of Sakyo Tsuzaki, she Tadahiro Konoe, closely associated herself with such people as the priest Gessho and Takamori Saigo. She contributed to the movement Meiji Restoration by serving as a liaison between aristocrats and imperial loyalists. For her involvement, she was arrested twice and was sent to Edo (Tokyo). Later, coming back to Kyoto, she reconstructed the Jikishian Temple and lived on its grounds for...[Read More] (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Jikishian Temple, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Nakaoka, Shintaro b. 1838 d. November 15, 1867 Social and political activist. Nakaoka was a samurai and a catalyst of the Meiji Restoration that helped transform Japan into a modern nation and world power. A native of Kitagawa village, he was the eldest son of the village leader. At the age of 24, he became a member of the Tosa Kinno-to Party. The next year, he met Takasugi Shinsaku, and his views became more militant. Along with Ryoma Sakamoto, he helped broker a key anti-shogunate alliance between rival factions in the southern part of...[Read More] (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Ryozen Cemetery, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Oda, Nobunaga b. 1534 d. June 2, 1582 Legendary warrior and ruler, who also distinguished himself in politics, economics, religion and cultural pursuits. Nobunaga Oda was the eldest son of Nobuhide Oda, a noble samurai during the "Age of Warring States," when there was much conflict between rival warlords throughout Japan. At the age of 26, Nobunaga led an attack party of 3000 cavalry on the forces of opposing General Yoshimoto Imagawa and his army of 40,000. Surprising the larger forces, who were planning an attack on Kyoto, Oda...[Read More] (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Kenkun Jinja (Shrine), Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Oda, Nobutada d. June 2, 1582 Son of Nobunaga Oda, legendary warrior and ruler, who distinguished himself in politics, economics, religion and cultural pursuits. He and his father were treacherously ambushed by Mitsuhide Akechi, one of his subordinates, and his forces while they were staying at the Honnoji Temple during a visit to Kyoto. Rather than surrender to this traitor general, Nobunaga and Nobutade took their own lives as the temple burned during the siege. It is reported that priests quietly gathered their ashes and...[Read More] (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Kenkun Jinja (Shrine), Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Oda, Uraku b. 1547 d. 1621 Military commander and master of the tea ceremony of the Azuchi-Momoyama (1576-1603) and the Sengoku (1467-1573)Periods. The younger brother of Nobunaga Oga, he began serving Hideyoshi Toyotomi after his brother's death, but after Toyotomi's death, he fought on the side of Ieysau Tokugawa against Toyotomi loyalists at the Battle of Sekigahara. He retired from military endeavors prior to the second siege of Osaka Castle. Settling in Kyoto, he restored the Shoden-in, a sub-temple of Kennin-ji. He...[Read More] (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Shoden Eigen-in Temple, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Rai, San'yo b. 1731 d. 1832 Poet, historian and painter of the Nanga school. His most notable work was the "Nihon Gaishi" (History of Japan). This 12 volume work took him 25 years to complete and documented the military history of Japan from the 12th to the 19th century, covering the rise to power of the Taira family until the beginning of the Tokygawa shogunate. He also wrote another complementary historical work, the 16 volume "Nihon Seiki." (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Choraku-ji Temple Cemetery, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Rikyu, Sen no b. 1522 d. 1591 Great tea master. Rikyo perfected the art of the tea ceremony during the Azuchi-Momoyama Period (1576-1603). Born in Sakai, Osaka, Rikyo studied the art of the tea ceremony under Kitamuki Dochin and Take no Jo-o. He then served Nobunaga Oda and Hideyoshi Toyotomi. He performed the tea ceremony at court when Toyotomi was given an audience by the Emperor Ogimachi. At this time, Rikyu was granted the title of "Koji" by the emperor. He officiated the grand tea ceremony held in Kitano, Kyoto, under...[Read More] (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Cause of death: ritual suicide Juko-in Temple (sub-temple of Daitoku-ji temple), Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Sakamoto, Ryoma b. 1835 d. 1867 Social activist. He opposed the Tokugawa Shogunate and worked to establish a return of imperial rule. This eventually became the "Meiji Restoration." He had many ideas that contributed to an evolving modernization of Japan. He consorted with Katsu Kaishu to establish a naval training center. Because his work placed him at odds with the powerful shogunate, he was ultimately led to his assassination. He is considered a hero to the current generation of young Japanese. There is a famous bust of...[Read More] (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Ryozen Cemetery, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Sawara, Prince Imperial prince (757-785). He was the fifth son of Emperor Konin. Implicated in the murder of Fujiwara no Tanatsugu, he was exiled to Awaji Island and forced to starve himself to death. A subsequent eipdemic that swept through Kyoto was attributed to Sawara's avenging spirit. In order to appease his spirit, this shrine was built as his spiritual sanctuary and where one can have a spiritual audience with the prince. (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Sudo Shrine - Sakyo Ward, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Seimei, Abeno b. 921 d. 1005 Ancient prophet and astrologer. Dramatic events of the 21st Century have created a tremendous interest in Seimei, and his shrine is swamped daily by those seeking to make spiritual contact with, or simply learn about, him. During his lifetime, Seimei served the emperor and is credited with having derived a unique study of the principles of Yin and Yang. His work brought about a closer union between spiritual and civil matters, including the use of his prophecies by the imperial court. He was...[Read More] (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Seimei Jinja (shrine), Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Shinran, Shonin b. 1173 d. 1263 Prominent Buddhist monk. After serving as a disciple of other prominent monks, he became the founder of the Jodo-Shin sect of Buddhism. He was one of the first Buddhist monks to marry in public and carry out a normal family life, which later became a common practice among Buddhist monks of his sect. In his major written work, "Kyogyoshinsho" (Teaching, Practice, Faith, Proof), written between 1224 and 1247, he taught that a life of rectitude and faith in God was sufficient for his followers to...[Read More] (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Nishi-Otani Cemetery, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Tanizaki, Jun'ichiro b. 1886 d. 1965 Writer. His early writings contributed to the Romantic literary movement in Japan. Later in lhis career, he immersed himself in writing about traditional Japanese culture. Many of his works were translated into many languages, and some of his stories and novels werer made into movies, including "The Amateurs' Club," "The Night of the Girls' Festival," "The Lechery of the Snake" and "The Japanese Cat." (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Honen-in Temple Cemetery, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Tofu Shrine The spirit of Ono no Tofu (894-966) is enshrined here. He is consider the founder of the Japanese style of calligraphy. His principal role as a divine soul is to protect all women of the region during their maternity. (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Tofu Shrine - Kita Ward, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Toyokuni Jinja (Shrine) This shrine was built upon the death of legendary warrior and ruler, Hideyoshi Toyotomi, as a point of spiritual contact with him. His physical remains are interred within the Hokoku-byo Mausoleum at the Hokoku Temple. The first shrine was destroyed by shogun Ieyasu Tokugawa. The present shrine was rebuilt in 1880. The principal ceremony to honor the spirit of Toyotomi is carried out here each September 18, the anniversary of his death. (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Toyokuni Jinja (Shrine), Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
Toyotomi, Hideyoshi b. 1536 d. September 18, 1598 Legendary warrior and ruler. He became a suborindate general of Nobunaga Oda. After Oda's death he succeeded in completing the plan of uniting Japan, which had been split by many warring feudal clans, under his control. In addition to his military accomplishments, Toyotomi also accomplished a major land survey, revised the land tax system, developed a code of maritime law, and encouraged foreign trade. He initially accepted Christian missionaries warmly, but later, perceiving them as a...[Read More] (Bio by: Warrick L. Barrett) Hokoku-byo Mausoleum, Hokoku Shrine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan