Adolph Frederick (Adolf Fredrik of Holstein-Gottorp) b. May 14, 1710 d. February 12, 1771 Swedish Monarch. He reigned from 1751 to 1771, belonging to the Oldenburg Dynasty, originally Prince of Holstein-Gottorp. (May have been Sweden's Adolph II.) The kingdom he reigned over then included Finland and German areas of west-central and east-central Mecklenburg-West Pomerania. He was born at Gottorp Castle, Schleswig-Holstein, in northern Germany off the Danish border, and succeeded another German royal, King...[Read More] (Bio by: J T Demitz) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Carl II (Karl Knutsson) b. 1408 d. May 15, 1470 King of Sweden. Born in October of 1408 or 1409. Reigned in three periods from 1448 to 1457, in 1464 to 1465 and from 1467 till his death. Also King of Norway as Carl I. Sometimes (incorrectly) called Carl VIII, in English Charles, and spelled Karl in Swedish. He did not use the name but belonged to the Bonde Dynasty still prominent in the nobility of Sweden today. He called himself Carl II, as confirmed by a contemporary inscription on his queen's funerary monument at Vadstena. As given in his...[Read More] (Bio by: J T Demitz) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden Plot: Stiftargravarna (Royal Founders' Crypt)
Carl X Gustav (Karl Gustaf of the Palatinate) b. November 8, 1622 d. February 13, 1660 Swedish Monarch. Born at Nyköping Castle, the son of John Casimir, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Kleeburg (Pfalz), and Princess Catherine of Sweden. He served in the army fighting in Germany under Lennart Torstenson during the Thirty Years' War. He returned to Sweden in 1645, and made a failed attempt to secure an engagement to his cousin, Queen Christina. The Queen Regnant then appointed him commander of the Swedish forces in Germany in 1648. Within a year she named him her successor. Queen...[Read More] (Bio by: Iola) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Carl XI (Karl) b. November 24, 1655 d. April 5, 1697 King of Sweden. Wittelsbach Dynasty. Born in Stockholm, the only son of Carl X Gustav and Hedwig Eleanor, he ascended the throne after his father's sudden death in 1660. During his minority, the kingdom was run by a regent, primarily the king's incompetent uncle, Count Magnus de la Gardie, leaving the king's education to the Queen Mother who followed a regimen of sport rather than statecraft. Initially, the regency ended ongoing wars with favorable peace treaties but grossly mismanaged internal...[Read More] (Bio by: Iola) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Carl XII (Karl) b. June 17, 1682 d. November 30, 1718 King of Sweden. Wittelsbach Dynasty. Born the eldest and only surviving son of Carl XI and Queen Ulrica Eleanor, he ascended to the throne at 15 upon the death of his father. The five man regency under which he succeeded was abolished almost immediately at the request of the Riksdag. At his coronation he crowned himself. He continued his father's policy of absolutism and yet was an immensely popular king. A 1699 coalition of Russia, Poland and Saxony, and Denmark hoped to challenge the young...[Read More] (Bio by: Iola) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Carl XIII (Karl) b. October 7, 1748 d. February 5, 1818 Swedish Monarch. King of Sweden and Norway. Born the second son of King Adolph Frederick and Louise Ulrica. In 1772, upon his brother's ascension to the throne, he assisted with the strike against the Riksdag and was created Duke of Sudermania (Södermanland). During the Russo-Swedish War of 1788 he served as admiral of the fleet, distinguishing himself at the battles of Hogland in 1788 and Öland in 1789. In 1792, after the assassination of his brother, [Read More] (Bio by: Iola) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Carl XIV John (Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte) b. January 26, 1763 d. March 8, 1844 King of Sweden and Norway, also named Karl XIV Johan. He was Carl III John of Norway. Once one of Emperor Napoleon I's most trusted generals, he was born in Pau, France, as Jean Baptiste Bernadotte. When he was created Prince of Ponte-Corvo in Italy by Napoleon he added Jules to his names as an imperial courtesy. He was elected Crown Prince of Sweden in 1810 and was adopted, with another new name, by the childless Carl XIII. Carl John was crowned King of Sweden and Norway after Carl's death in...[Read More] (Bio by: VampireRed) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Carl XV (Karl Ludvig Eugen) b. May 3, 1826 d. August 19, 1872 Swedish Monarch. Born in Stockholm, the eldest son of King Oscar I and Queen Josephine, of Leuchtenberg. He was created Duke of Scania as an infant and was Crown Prince of Sweden and Norway from 1844. He served as Viceroy of Norway from 1856 to 1857. He became regent in September 1857 and ascended to the throne with the death of his father in July 1859. He was an advocate of Scandinavianism, the political solidarity of the three northern kingdoms, and marked his reign with far-reaching domestic...[Read More] (Bio by: Iola) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Charlotte (Hedvig Elisabet Charlotta of Oldenburg) b. March 22, 1759 d. June 20, 1818 Queen of Sweden and Norway. Of the Oldenburg Dynasty, she was the daughter of the Prince Bishop of Lübeck, Duke Frederick August I of Oldenburg (Holstein-Gottorp) and Duchess Ulrica Frederica, originally of Hesse-Cassel. Charlotte's father was her late father-in-law's brother and her mother's uncle was a brother of his predecessor, Sweden's King Frederick. On the initiative of her first cousin King Gustav III of Sweden, she was married to his younger brother, Duke Carl, later King Carl XIII of...[Read More] (Bio by: Benny Chordt Hansen) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Desideria (Bernardine Eugénie Désirée Clary) b. November 9, 1777 d. December 17, 1860 Queen of Sweden and Norway. Born in Marseilles, she was the daughter of wealthy silk merchant François Clary and his wife Françoise Rose Somis. Sometime in the 1790's, Désirée met poor young soldiers Joseph and Napoleon Bonaparte. Napoleon courted her, and the two became engaged in 1794. Her sister Julie later married Joseph Bonaparte. Désirée's parents objected to the match, and Napoleon needed more money and social standing to aid his grand aspirations than she would bring to the marriage...[Read More] (Bio by: VampireRed) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Eric (XII) the Rebel (Erik Magnusson den Yngre) b. 1339 d. June 21, 1359 King of Sweden. Belonging to the Bielbo Dynasty, he was the older of the two sons of King Magnus IV of Sweden, with whom he reigned jointly for two years. His mother Queen Blanche was originally a Belgian princess. Very likely he was the twelfth Eric, without ever being counted that way officially, and the unofficial numerals used for reasonably factual identification, as with Eric, are traditionally placed in parentheses in royal names. Consistently called "upprorsmakaren Erik" by Swedish...[Read More] (Bio by: J T Demitz) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden Plot: Stiftargravarna (Royal Founders' Crypt)
Frederick (Fredrik of Hesse-Cassel) b. April 23, 1676 d. March 25, 1751 King of Sweden. Brabant Dynasty. Hessian Landgrave. Born the eldest son of Karl Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel and Princess Marie Amalie of Courland. He would marry twice, the first time to Louise Dorothy Sophia of Prussia who died in 1705; his second marriage in 1715, was to Ulrica Eleanor, sister of Carl XII of Sweden, known as the Alexander of the North for his military achievments. After the sudden death of his brother-in-law in 1718 and a brief rule by his wife, the Swedish Estates elected...[Read More] (Bio by: Iola) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Gustav II Adolph the Great (Gustaf Adolf den Store) b. December 9, 1594 d. November 6, 1632 Swedish Monarch. Born the eldest son of Carl IX and his second wife, Queen Christina, he was tutored in statecraft from an early age. He studied classics, law, history, theology, government, warfare, and engineering, he spoke Latin, German, Dutch, French, and Italian fluently and understood Spanish and English, and from the age of 10 he attended council meetings. At 15 he administered his Duchy of Westmania (Västmanland) and opened the Riksdag. He took the throne on his father's death in 1611...[Read More] (Bio by: Iola) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Gustav III (Gustaf) b. January 13, 1746 d. March 29, 1792 Swedish Monarch. Born in Stockholm, the eldest son of the future King Adolph Frederick and Queen Louise Ulrica. He was betrothed to Princess Sophia Magdalene of Denmark when he was five and married her fifteen years later, in 1766. He was an intelligent and cultured advocate of the Enlightenment and a Francophile; though not highly educated, he was extremely well read and multilingual. He succeeded to the throne in 1771 after the sudden death of his father. Unhappy with the Crown's subjugation...[Read More] (Bio by: Iola) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Gustav IV Adolph (Gustaf Adolf) b. November 1, 1778 d. February 7, 1837 Swedish Monarch. Born the son of Gustav III, he came to the throne in 1792 after his father's assassination. During the five years of his minority, Sweden was under the control of regents. Soon after gaining his majority in 1797 Gustav married Frederica, daughter of Carl Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden, after having rejected a granddaughter of Russia's Catherine II for her Eastern Orthodoxy. In 1805 Gustav Adolph brought Sweden into the European coalition against Napoleon. When Russia became...[Read More] (Bio by: Iola) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Gustav V (Oskar Gustaf Adolf) b. June 16, 1858 d. October 29, 1950 Swedish Monarch. Born at Drottningholm Palace near Stockholm, the eldest son of future King Oscar II and Queen Sofia. He was created Duke of Vermillandia (Värmland) in infancy. From 1872 he served as Crown Prince. He became enamored of the sport of tennis in 1876 and founded Sweden's first tennis club. He married Princess Viktoria of Baden in September 1881 and with her had three sons. He succeeded to the throne on his father's death in December 1907. During the so-called March of the Farmers...[Read More] (Bio by: Iola) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Haelwig (Helvig of Holstein-Itzehoe) b. 1255 d. 1324 Queen of Sweden. Of the Schaumburg Dynasty, she was born about 1255, the daughter of Count Gerard I of Holstein-Itzehoe and Countess Elizabeth, a Nicholan princess of Mecklenburg. Her father was a Holstein ruler from 1238. She was Queen Consort to Magnus III Barnlock of Sweden, when she married him in Kalmar in 1275, the year of his ascent to the throne after having ousted his brother Waldemar. Their marriage was officially confirmed, and Haelwig officially proclaimed Queen, the following year...[Read More] (Bio by: J T Demitz) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden Plot: Stiftargravarna (Royal Founders' Crypt)
Hedwig Eleanor (Hedvig Eleonora of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp) b. October 23, 1636 d. December 5, 1715 Queen of Sweden. An Oldenburg Dynasty princess, she was the daughter of Duke Frederick III of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp and Duchess Maria Elizabeth, originally a princess of Saxony. In 1654 she was married to King Carl X Gustav of Sweden, who died six years later. She then became a member of the regency for her little son, Carl XI. She has been widely criticized for neglecting his education, leading to his dyslexia and severely inhibited personality. On the other hand, as a result of that...[Read More] (Bio by: Benny Chordt Hansen) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Josephine (Josefina Maximiliana Eugenia Napoléone) b. March 14, 1807 d. June 7, 1876 Queen of Sweden and Norway. Belonging to the new Beauharnais Dynasty, she was the daughter of Prince Eugène, Duke of Leuchtenberg and Viceroy of Italy, and Princess-Duchess Augusta Amalia, who belonged to the illustrious Wittelsbach Dynasty of Bavaria. The paternal grandmother of the young Leuchtenberg princess was Empress Josephine of the French, who was a Creole, and with this princess, Vasa-Dynasty and even earlier regal blood reentered the Swedish royal family, and American blood entered it...[Read More] (Bio by: Benny Chordt Hansen) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
Louise (Wilhelmina Fredrika Alexandrine Anna Lovisa) b. August 5, 1828 d. March 30, 1871 Queen of Sweden and Norway. A member of the Orange-Nassau Dynasty, she was the elder daughter of Prince Frederick of the Netherlands and Louise, a Hohenzollern princess of Prussia. In 1850 she married Crown Prince Carl of Sweden and Norway, later king Carl XV. As his consort she was also Duchess of Scania. In 1860 she was crowned Queen, first in Stockholm and then in Trondheim. She gave birth to 2 children. Prince Carl Oscar died in infancy, creating great sorrow, whereas their daughter Louise...[Read More] (Bio by: Benny Chordt Hansen) Riddarholmskyrkan (Riddarholm Church), Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholms Lan, Sweden