Scientist. A biochemist, he was awarded the 1992 Nobel Prize for medicine, along with his colleague Edmond H. Fischer, for their research in the field of cellular biology during the early 1950s. A graduate of the University of Illinois, he attended the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri during the Second World War, before serving in the United States Navy as a medical officer. In 1948 he joined the faculty of the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington as an associate professor of biochemistry. He was named chairman of the Department of Biochemistry two years later, and also served as chairman of the Department of Biochemistry at the University of California (Davis) from 1968 to 1977. In the early 1950s he co-published his research on the protein phosphate, an enzyme discovered to have the ability to control levels of cellular activity within the human body. His research led to an increased understandings among the medical community on how various types of cancers were formed, leading to advancements and treatments in the fields of cancer research, diabetes, heart disease and Alzheimer's disease. In 1977 he returned to the University of Washington where he served as chairman of the Department of Pharmacology until 1983. He was a member of the Federation of American Scientists, the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Sciences. He was the recipient of numerous scientific awards including the George W. Thorn Award (1983), The American Heart Association's Research Achievement Award (1987), the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (1989), and the Robert A. Welch Award in Chemistry in 1991. He was the co-author of "The Enzymes" (1970), "Protein Phosphorylation" (1981) and "Control by Phosphorylation" published in 1986.