Civil War Union Major General, Medal of Honor Recipient. Ranked as the youngest Major General of either side in the Civil War at the time of his appointment. He was known for his gallantry and leadership and was one of the most admired officers of the war, at least by his commanders. Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he moved in 1855 to Iowa after attending the University of Pittsburgh. Using experience he had gained from working in a Pittsburgh bank, he and 2 brothers established one if their own in Dubuque. There he also established a militia company and remained in the banking business until May 14, 1861, when he joined the 1st Iowa Volunteer Infantry as a Captain. Ten days after the disastrous Federal defeat at Wilson's Creek, he was honorably mustered out to take over as a Lieutenant Colonel in the 9th Iowa Volunteer Infantry. For his personal bravery at Pea Ridge, he was commissioned a Brigadier General of Volunteers. He was captured in the battle and saw little action until he returned to his command later that year. In December 1862 his 2-division command, encamped on Wilson's Creek, marched 150 miles in 4 days to do battle at Prairie Grove, answering a request from Brigadier General James G. Blunt. Blunt's 7,000 Federals were being chased by 11,500 Confederates under Major General Thomas C. Hindman. Collecting his 6,000 men and 30 guns, he marched them incessantly; arriving by December 7 on the field in Blunt's support. He was reported to have said after the battle, "I think this section is rid of Hindman." For his actions at Prairie Grove, he became a Major General of Volunteers and finished the war as a corps commander at Brownsville, Texas, and as an Indian treaty commissioner. From 1865 to 1877 he lived in Louisiana, serving as an attorney, a United States marshal, and acting Louisiana Secretary of State. In 1877 he moved to New York City, where he died a pauper. On September 26, 1893, 30 years after the war, he was awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism at Pea Ridge. His citation states "Was foremost in leading his men, rallying them to repeated acts of daring, until himself disabled and taken prisoner".